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<b class="polysemant-list-lemma-title">å«æ˜Ÿ</b>是一个<a href="/item/%E7%99%BE%E5%BA%A6%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%EF%BC%9A%E5%A4%9A%E4%B9%89%E8%AF%8D" target="_blank">多义è¯</a>，请在下列<a href="/item/%E4%B9%89%E9%A1%B9" target="_blank">义项</a>上选择æµè§ˆï¼ˆ<a href="/item/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F?force=1" target="_blank">å…±9个义项</a>）<span class="polysemant-separator"></span>
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<span class="polysemant-button__text J-polysemant-button__text">æ·»åŠ ä¹‰é¡¹</span>
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<li class="item">â–ª<span class="selected">天文å¦æœ¯è¯</span></li>
<li class="item">â–ª<a title="纪佳æ¾æ¼”å”±æŒæ›²" href='/item/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F/5190066#viewPageContent'>纪佳æ¾æ¼”å”±æŒæ›²</a></li>
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<li class="item">â–ª<a title="é’浦区å‘展和改é©å§”员会副主任" href='/item/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F/15867513#viewPageContent'>é’浦区å‘展和改é©å§”员会副主任</a></li>
<li class="item">â–ª<a title="云å—çœæ™®æ´±å¸‚委书记" href='/item/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F/5190050#viewPageContent'>云å—çœæ™®æ´±å¸‚委书记</a></li>
<li class="item">â–ª<a title="刘雨潼2016å¹´æŒæ›²" href='/item/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F/19231807#viewPageContent'>刘雨潼2016å¹´æŒæ›²</a></li>
<li class="item">â–ª<a title="内蒙å¤å†œç‰§ä¸šæ‚志社副编辑" href='/item/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F/9277651#viewPageContent'>内蒙å¤å†œç‰§ä¸šæ‚志社副编辑</a></li>
<li class="item">â–ª<a title="é™•è¥¿å•†æ´›å¸‚å®¡è®¡å±€åŽŸè°ƒç ”å‘˜" href='/item/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F/20285479#viewPageContent'>é™•è¥¿å•†æ´›å¸‚å®¡è®¡å±€åŽŸè°ƒç ”å‘˜</a></li>
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<h1 >å«æ˜Ÿ</h1>
<h2>（天文å¦æœ¯è¯ï¼‰</h2>
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<a class="lock-lemma" nslog-type="10003105" target="_blank" href="javascript:;" title="é”定"><em class="cmn-icon wiki-lemma-icons wiki-lemma-icons_lock-lemma"></em>é”定</a>
<a href="/planet/talk?lemmaId=21511" target="_blank" class="lemma-discussion cmn-btn-hover-blue cmn-btn-28 j-discussion-link" nslog-type="90000102"><em class="cmn-icon wiki-lemma-icons wiki-lemma-icons_discussion-solid"></em>讨论<span class="num">999</span></a>
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<div class="main-content-zj">
本è¯æ¡ç”±<a href="https://baike.baidu.com/science" target="_blank" class="nslog:7175">“科普ä¸å›½â€ç§‘å¦ç™¾ç§‘è¯æ¡ç¼–写与应用工作项目</a>
å®¡æ ¸
。</div>
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<div class="promotion-declaration">
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<div class="para" label-module="para">å«æ˜Ÿæ˜¯æŒ‡åœ¨å›´ç»•ä¸€é¢—行星轨é“并按é—åˆè½¨é“åšå‘¨æœŸæ€§è¿è¡Œçš„å¤©ç„¶å¤©ä½“ï¼Œäººé€ å«æ˜Ÿä¸€èˆ¬äº¦å¯ç§°ä¸ºå«æ˜Ÿã€‚äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿæ˜¯ç”±äººç±»å»ºé€ ，以太空飞行载具如ç«ç®ã€èˆªå¤©é£žæœºç‰å‘射到太空ä¸ï¼Œåƒå¤©ç„¶å«æ˜Ÿä¸€æ ·çŽ¯ç»•åœ°çƒæˆ–其它行星的装置。往往气体行星的å«æ˜Ÿéƒ½å¾ˆå¤šã€‚ä¹å¤§è¡Œæ˜Ÿå…±æœ‰å«æ˜Ÿ60个，除水星和金星外，其它行星都有å«æ˜ŸçŽ¯ç»•ã€‚按å«æ˜Ÿå¤šå°‘的排å顺åºæ˜¯åœŸæ˜Ÿ18个，天王星17个，木星16个，海王星8个，ç«æ˜Ÿ2个，冥王星和地çƒå„1个。ä¸åŒå«æ˜Ÿçš„体积和质é‡ç›¸å·®æ‚¬æ®Šï¼ŒåŠå¾„大于1000kmçš„å«æ˜Ÿæœ‰7个，月çƒå³ä¸ºå…¶ä¸€ã€‚<sup class="sup--normal" data-sup="1" data-ctrmap=":1,">
[1]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[1]_6639018"> </a>
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<dl class="basicInfo-block basicInfo-left">
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">ä¸æ–‡å</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
å«æ˜Ÿ
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">外文å</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
Satellite
</dd>
</dl><dl class="basicInfo-block basicInfo-right">
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">别 称</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
äººé€ åœ°çƒ
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">分 类</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
天体
</dd>
<dt class="basicInfo-item name">拼 音</dt>
<dd class="basicInfo-item value">
Wei Xing
</dd>
</dl></div>
<div class="lemmaWgt-lemmaCatalog">
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<h2 class="block-title">目录</h2>
<div class="catalog-list column-3">
<ol>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">1</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#1">å«æ˜Ÿç®€è¿°</a></span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">2</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#2">å«æ˜Ÿç³»å½¢æˆ</a></span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">3</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#3">å«æ˜Ÿçš„特点</a></span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">4</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#4">å«æ˜Ÿçš„作用</a></span>
</li>
</ol><ol><li class="level1">
<span class="index">5</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#5">å«æ˜Ÿçš„分类</a></span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">6</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#6">太阳系å«æ˜Ÿ</a></span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">7</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#7">äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿ</a></span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">8</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#8">å„国å‘展</a></span>
</li>
</ol><ol><li class="level1">
<span class="index">9</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#9">ä¸å›½äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿ</a></span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">10</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#10">åºŸæ—§äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿ</a></span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">11</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#11">太空垃圾å±å®³</a></span>
</li>
<li class="level1">
<span class="index">12</span>
<span class="text"><a href="#12">相关新闻</a></span>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
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<div class="anchor-list">
<a name="1" class="lemma-anchor para-title" ></a>
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<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">å«æ˜Ÿ</span>å«æ˜Ÿç®€è¿°</h2>
<a class="edit-icon j-edit-link" data-edit-dl="1" href="javascript:;"><em class="cmn-icon wiki-lemma-icons wiki-lemma-icons_edit-lemma"></em>编辑</a>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>å«æ˜Ÿ</b>是环绕一颗<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F">行星</a>按é—åˆè½¨é“åšå‘¨æœŸæ€§è¿è¡Œçš„天体。ä¸è¿‡ï¼Œå¦‚果两个天体质é‡ç›¸å½“，它们所形æˆçš„系统一般称为<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8F%8C%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F">åŒè¡Œæ˜Ÿ</a>系统，而ä¸æ˜¯ä¸€é¢—行星和一颗天然å«æ˜Ÿã€‚通常，两个天体的质é‡ä¸å¿ƒéƒ½å¤„äºŽè¡Œæ˜Ÿä¹‹å†…ã€‚å› æ¤ï¼Œæœ‰å¤©æ–‡å¦å®¶è®¤ä¸º<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F">冥王星</a>与<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%86%A5%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80">冥å«ä¸€</a>应该归类为åŒè¡Œæ˜Ÿï¼Œä½†2005å¹´å‘现两颗新的冥å«ï¼Œåˆä½¿é—®é¢˜å¤æ‚èµ·æ¥ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">月çƒå°±æ˜¯æœ€æ˜Žæ˜¾çš„<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">天然å«æ˜Ÿ</a>的例å。在太阳系里，除<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F">水星</a>å’Œ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F">金星</a>外，其他行星都有天然å«æ˜Ÿã€‚太阳系已知的天然å«æ˜Ÿæ€»æ•°ï¼ˆåŒ…括构æˆ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E7%8E%AF">行星环</a>的较大的碎å—）至少有160颗。天然å«æ˜Ÿæ˜¯æŒ‡çŽ¯ç»•è¡Œæ˜Ÿè¿è½¬çš„星çƒï¼Œè€Œè¡Œæ˜Ÿ<div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:220px; float: right;">
<a class="image-link" nslog-type="9317"
href="/pic/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F/21511/0/63d9f2d3572c11dfc8ab4d83632762d0f703c21c?fr=lemma&ct=single" target="_blank"
title="并肩å‰è¿›" style="width:220px;height:210px;">
<img class="lazy-img" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAMAAAAoyzS7AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAAZQTFRF9fX1AAAA0VQI3QAAAAxJREFUeNpiYAAIMAAAAgABT21Z4QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" data-src="https://gss1.bdstatic.com/9vo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D220/sign=19b730a6afc379317968812bdbc5b784/63d9f2d3572c11dfc8ab4d83632762d0f703c21c.jpg" alt="并肩å‰è¿›" style="width:220px;height:210px;"/>
</a>
<span class="description">
并肩å‰è¿›
</span>
</div>åˆçŽ¯ç»•ç€<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%81%92%E6%98%9F">æ’星</a>è¿è½¬ã€‚就比如在太阳系ä¸ï¼Œå¤ªé˜³æ˜¯<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%81%92%E6%98%9F/493" data-lemmaid="493">æ’星</a>，我们地çƒåŠå…¶å®ƒè¡Œæ˜ŸçŽ¯ç»•å¤ªé˜³è¿è½¬ï¼Œæœˆäº®ã€<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80">土å«ä¸€</a>ã€<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80">天å«ä¸€</a>ç‰æ˜Ÿçƒåˆ™çŽ¯ç»•ç€æˆ‘们地çƒåŠå…¶å®ƒè¡Œæ˜Ÿè¿è½¬ï¼Œè¿™äº›æ˜Ÿçƒå°±å«åšè¡Œæ˜Ÿçš„天然å«æ˜Ÿã€‚<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F">土星</a>的天然å«æ˜Ÿç¬¬äºŒå¤šï¼Œå·²çŸ¥62颗。。木星的天然å«æ˜Ÿæœ€å¤šï¼Œå…¶ä¸63颗已得到确认，至少有6颗尚待è¯å®žã€‚天然å«æ˜Ÿçš„大å°ä¸ä¸€ï¼Œå½¼æ¤å·®åˆ«å¾ˆå¤§ã€‚å…¶ä¸ä¸€äº›ç›´å¾„åªæœ‰å‡ åƒç±³å¤§ï¼Œä¾‹å¦‚，<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F/5627" data-lemmaid="5627">ç«æ˜Ÿ</a>的两个å°<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%AE/5557" data-lemmaid="5557">月亮</a>，还有木星，土星，<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F">天王星</a>外围的一些<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%B0%8F%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">å°å«æ˜Ÿ</a>ã€‚è¿˜æœ‰å‡ ä¸ªå´æ¯”水星还大，例如，<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E5%85%AD">土å«å…</a>ã€<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%89">木å«ä¸‰</a>å’Œ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E5%9B%9B">木å«å››</a>，它们的直径都超过5200åƒç±³<sup class="sup--normal" data-sup="2" data-ctrmap=":2,">
[2]</sup><a class="sup-anchor" name="ref_[2]_6639018"> </a>
。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">太阳系内最大的å«æ˜Ÿï¼ˆè¶…过3000公里）包括地çƒçš„å«æ˜Ÿæœˆçƒã€æœ¨æ˜Ÿçš„<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BC%BD%E5%88%A9%E7%95%A5%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">伽利略å«æ˜Ÿ</a><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80">木å«ä¸€</a>（埃欧）ã€<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C">木å«äºŒ</a>（<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%AC%A7%E7%BD%97%E5%B7%B4">欧罗巴</a>）ã€æœ¨å«ä¸‰ï¼ˆç›–尼米德）ã€æœ¨å«å››ï¼ˆå¡åˆ©æ–¯å¤šï¼‰ã€åœŸæ˜Ÿçš„å«æ˜ŸåœŸå«å…（<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9D%A6">æ³°å¦</a>），以åŠ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F">海王星</a>æ•èŽ·çš„å«æ˜Ÿ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80">æµ·å«ä¸€</a>（<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E5%90%8C">特里åŒ</a>）。更å°çš„å«æ˜Ÿå‚è§å„个相关<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F">行星</a>æ¡ç›®ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">这里是以直径和所环绕星体划分的一个太阳系å«æ˜Ÿåˆ†ç±»è¡¨ï¼Œæœ€å³ä¸€åˆ—也列出了部分的å°è¡Œæ˜Ÿï¼Œè¡Œæ˜ŸåŠ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9F%AF%E4%BC%8A%E4%BC%AF%E5%B8%A6">柯伊伯带</a>å¤©ä½“ç”¨äºŽå¯¹æ¯”ã€‚ç”±äºŽè¡¨æ ¼ç©ºé—´æœ‰é™ï¼Œå‡¡ä¸æ–‡å超过三å—çš„å«æ˜Ÿå‡ä»¥æ•°å—表示，ä¸æ–‡å三å—åŠä»¥ä¸‹çš„按æ£å¼å‘½å列出。</div>
<table log-set-param="table_view" class="table-view log-set-param"><tr><td width="35" height="0" align="middle" valign="center" rowspan="2"><div class="para" label-module="para">å¹³å‡ç›´å¾„</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">(km)</div>
</td><td height="0" align="middle" valign="center" colspan="6">大行星的å«æ˜Ÿ</td><td height="0" align="middle" valign="center" colspan="3">矮行星的å«æ˜Ÿ</td><td width="35" height="0" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="2">其它å°æ˜Ÿä½“çš„å«æ˜Ÿ</td><td width="35" height="0" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="2">éžå«æ˜Ÿï¼Œç”¨äºŽæ¯”较</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">地çƒ</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">ç«æ˜Ÿ</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">木星</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">土星</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">天王星</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">海王星</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">冥王星</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A6%8A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">妊神星</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%98%8B%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">阋神星</a></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><div class="para" label-module="para">4000-</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">6000</div>
</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%89">木å«ä¸‰</a>/</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E5%9B%9B/23692" data-lemmaid="23692">木å«å››</a></div>
</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9D%A6/2351514" data-lemmaid="2351514">æ³°å¦</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">水星</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><div class="para" label-module="para">3000-</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">4000</div>
</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">月çƒ</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%89%BE%E5%A5%A5">艾奥</a>/</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%AC%A7%E7%BD%97%E5%B7%B4/3135525" data-lemmaid="3135525">欧罗巴</a></div>
</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><div class="para" label-module="para">2000-</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">3000</div>
</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E5%90%8C">特里åŒ</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%98%8B%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">阋神星</a>/</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">冥王星</div>
</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><div class="para" label-module="para">1000-</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">2000</div>
</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%91%9E%E4%BA%9A">瑞亚</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E5%85%AB">土å«å…«</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%8B%84%E4%BF%84%E6%B6%85">狄俄涅</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%BF%92%E5%A0%A4%E6%96%AF">å¿’å ¤æ–¯</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%89">天å«ä¸‰</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A5%A5%E4%BC%AF%E9%BE%99">奥伯龙</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C">天å«äºŒ</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%89%BE%E7%91%9E%E5%B0%94">艾瑞尔</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8D%A1%E6%88%8E/26353" data-lemmaid="26353">å¡æˆŽ</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%B8%9F%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">鸟神星</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A6%8A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">妊神星</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/Sedna">Sedna</a>/2007 OR<sub>10</sub></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><div class="para" label-module="para">500-</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">1000</div>
</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C">土å«äºŒ</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%98%8B%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80">阋å«ä¸€</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%B0%B7%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">谷神星</a>/Salacia/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BA%A1%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">亡神星</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%88%9B%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">创神星</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%99%BA%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">智神星</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%81%B6%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">ç¶ç¥žæ˜Ÿ</a></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><div class="para" label-module="para">250-</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">500</div>
</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80">土å«ä¸€</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BA%A5%E4%BC%AF%E9%BE%99">亥伯龙</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%B1%B3%E5%85%B0%E8%BE%BE">米兰达</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%AB%E5%85%AB">æµ·å«å…«</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C">æµ·å«äºŒ</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">Hi'iaka</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><div class="para" label-module="para">万斯<sup class="normal">1</sup></div>
</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%81%A5%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">å¥ç¥žæ˜Ÿ</a>/Interamnia/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9E%97%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">林神星</a></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><div class="para" label-module="para">100-</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">250</div>
</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%94">木å«äº”</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E5%85%AD">木å«å…</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%BF%92%E6%8B%9C">å¿’æ‹œ</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%A6%8F%E6%9F%8F">ç¦æŸ</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%9B%85%E5%8A%AA%E6%96%AF">雅努斯</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80">土å«å一</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83">天å«å七</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%B8%95%E5%85%8B">帕克</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%B2%8D%E8%A5%BF%E5%A8%85">é²è¥¿å¨…</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%8B%89%E9%87%8C%E8%90%A8">拉里è¨</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%AB%E5%85%AD">æµ·å«å…</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%94">æµ·å«äº”</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/Namaka">Namaka</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">Actaea<sup class="normal">2</sup></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A9%9A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">婚神星</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/1992%20QB1">1992 QB1</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B9%89%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">义神星</a>/å ¤ä¸°</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><div class="para" label-module="para">50-</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">100</div>
</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E6%8B%89">伊拉拉</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E5%85%AB">木å«å…«</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD">土å«åå…</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%BD%98%E5%A4%9A%E6%8B%89">潘多拉</a>/</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8D%A1%E5%88%A9%E7%8F%AD">å¡åˆ©ç</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%B1%E4%B8%BD%E5%8F%B6">朱丽å¶</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%B4%9D%E7%90%B3%E8%BE%BE">è´ç³è¾¾</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E4%B9%9D">天å«ä¹</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89">天å«å三</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E5%8D%81">天å«å</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%AF%94%E5%AE%89%E5%8D%A1">比安å¡</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A1%94%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8">塔拉è¨</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%AB%E4%B9%9D">æµ·å«ä¹</a>/涅索/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%89">æµ·å«ä¸‰</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%AE%B8%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89/9080023" data-lemmaid="9080023">许德拉</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%B0%BC%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF">尼克斯</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">维沃特<sup class="normal">3</sup>/Echidna<sup class="normal">4</sup></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">Antiope/Logos/Mathilde</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">25-50</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">å¡è€³å¢¨/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A2%A8%E6%8F%90%E6%96%AF">墨ææ–¯</a>/西诺ç€/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E5%8D%81">木å«å</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%97%E5%88%BB">阿å—刻</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D">土å«äºŒåä¹</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%B7%E4%BC%A6">海伦</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD">土å«äºŒåå…</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94">土å«å五</a>/潘</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%83">天å«ä¸ƒ</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E5%85%AD">天å«å…</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D">天å«åä¹</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB">天å«åå…«</a>/ç€è¿ªå¡”/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81">天å«äºŒå</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/Sao">Sao</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%AB%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C">æµ·å«å二</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%AB%E5%8D%81">æµ·å«å</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">Linus<sup class="normal">5</sup></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">Ganymed/<a target=_blank href="/item/243%20Ida">243 Ida</a></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">10-25</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%A6%8F%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF">ç¦æ³¢æ–¯</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%BE%B7%E8%8E%AB%E6%96%AF">德莫斯</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8B%92%E8%BE%BE">å‹’è¾¾</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94">木å«å五</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89">土å«å三</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81">土å«äºŒå</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B">土å«åå››</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BC%8A%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94">伊米尔</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B">土å«äºŒåå››</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A1%94%E6%B2%83%E6%96%AF">塔沃斯</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C">土å«äºŒå二</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB">土å«äºŒåå…«</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/Mab">Mab</a>/丘比特/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C">天å«äºŒå二</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B">天å«äºŒåå››</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89">天å«äºŒå三</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80">天å«äºŒå一</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">S/2004N1</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%86%A5%E5%8D%AB%E5%9B%9B">冥å«å››</a>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%86%A5%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%94">冥å«äº”</a></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">Pulcovaçš„å«æ˜Ÿ/Romulus<sup class="normal">6</sup>/<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%B5%AB%E5%85%8B%E6%89%98">赫克托</a>çš„å«æ˜Ÿ/Petit-Prince<sup class="normal">7</sup>/å°è¡Œæ˜ŸHermioneã€Emmaã€Bernaå’ŒCamillaçš„å«æ˜Ÿ</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%88%B1%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">爱神星</a>/Berna</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"><10</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">51颗</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">36颗</td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35"></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">Remus<sup class="normal">6</sup>/Dactyl<sup class="normal">8</sup></td><td valign="top" align="left" width="35">大é‡</td></tr></table><div class="para" label-module="para">注一：1. 柯伊伯带天体亡神星的å«æ˜Ÿï¼›2. 柯伊伯带天体Salaciaçš„å«æ˜Ÿï¼›3. 柯伊伯带天体创神星的å«æ˜Ÿï¼›4. æŸ¯ä¼Šä¼¯å¸¦å¤©ä½“å ¤ä¸°çš„å«æ˜Ÿï¼›5. å°è¡Œæ˜Ÿ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8F%B8%E8%B5%8B%E6%98%9F">å¸èµ‹æ˜Ÿ</a>çš„å«æ˜Ÿï¼›6. å°è¡Œæ˜Ÿæž—神星的å«æ˜Ÿï¼›7. å°è¡Œæ˜ŸEugeniaçš„å«æ˜Ÿï¼›8. å°è¡Œæ˜Ÿ<a target=_blank href="/item/243%20Ida">243 Ida</a>çš„å«æ˜Ÿ</div>
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<div class="para" label-module="para">注三：Sila–Nunamã€Ceto-Phorcysã€Patroclus-Menoetiusã€Logos-Zoe以åŠAntiope-S/2000(90)1这些åŒæ˜Ÿç³»ç»Ÿæœªä½œä¸ºå«æ˜Ÿåˆ—å…¥</div>
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href="/pic/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F/21511/0/dc854fda36de34f8b6fd481d?fr=lemma&ct=single" target="_blank"
title="在太空è¿è¡Œçš„å«æ˜Ÿ" style="width:138px;height:140px;">
<img class="lazy-img" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAMAAAAoyzS7AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAAZQTFRF9fX1AAAA0VQI3QAAAAxJREFUeNpiYAAIMAAAAgABT21Z4QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" data-src="https://gss3.bdstatic.com/7Po3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D220/sign=039a817794eef01f49141fc7d0fe99e0/9e3df8dcd100baa17a047fa84710b912c8fc2efc.jpg" alt="在太空è¿è¡Œçš„å«æ˜Ÿ" style="width:138px;height:140px;"/>
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在太空è¿è¡Œçš„å«æ˜Ÿ
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<a name="å«æ˜Ÿç³»å½¢æˆ" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
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<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">å«æ˜Ÿ</span>å«æ˜Ÿç³»å½¢æˆ</h2>
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<div class="para" label-module="para">å«æ˜Ÿç³»çš„<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%A7%92%E5%8A%A8%E9%87%8F">角动é‡</a>çš„æ¥æºï¼Œå’Œè¡Œæ˜Ÿè‡ªè½¬çš„角动é‡çš„æ¥æºæ˜¯ä¸€æ ·çš„，ä¸è¿‡ï¼Œå½“考虑到å«æ˜Ÿçš„å½¢æˆé—®é¢˜æ—¶ï¼Œå¿…é¡»åƒåˆ†æž<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E7%B3%BB">行星系</a>çš„å½¢æˆè¿‡ç¨‹é‚£æ ·æ¥åˆ†æžå®ƒï¼›é¦–先，行星系的原始星胚在收缩过程ä¸ï¼Œç”±äºŽå’Œè¡Œæ˜Ÿç³»å½¢æˆæ—¶ä¸€æ ·çš„åŽŸå› ï¼Œä¼šå½¢æˆä¸€ä¸ªè½¬åŠ¨çš„çƒä½“，这个çƒä½“在å‘自身的<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83">引力ä¸å¿ƒ</a>收缩ä¸ï¼Œé€æ¸å˜æˆæ‰å¹³çš„星云盘，在星云盘的ä¸å¤®éƒ¨åˆ†ï¼Œå½¢æˆè¡Œæ˜Ÿæœ¬ä½“，而在星<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BA%91%E7%9B%98">云盘</a>的外围部分，则形æˆå«æ˜Ÿï¼Œåˆ†ä¸¤ç§æƒ…况考虑。</div><div class="anchor-list">
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<a name="å«æ˜Ÿçš„特点" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
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<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">å«æ˜Ÿ</span>å«æ˜Ÿçš„特点</h2>
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<a name="4" class="lemma-anchor para-title" ></a>
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<a name="å«æ˜Ÿçš„作用" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
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<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">å«æ˜Ÿ</span>å«æ˜Ÿçš„作用</h2>
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<div class="para" label-module="para">è¦è¯´ä½œç”¨ï¼Œå¤©ç„¶å«æ˜Ÿæ˜¯å®‡å®™ä¸è‡ªç„¶å½¢æˆçš„，ä¸å¥½è¯´å®ƒæœ‰ä»€ä¹ˆä½œç”¨ã€‚当然，月亮是地çƒçš„天然å«æ˜Ÿï¼Œå®ƒå¯ä»¥å¹³è¡¡<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%AC">地çƒè‡ªè½¬</a>，稳定地轴，控制<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90">æ½®æ±</a>，å¯ä»¥ç”¨æ¥è§‚察时间ç‰ï¼Œè¿˜å¯ä»¥æƒ³è±¡å‡ºå¾ˆå¤šç¾Žä¸½çš„ä¼ è¯´ã€‚<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿ</a>的用途很广泛，有的装有照相设备，用对地é¢è¿›è¡Œç…§ç›¸ã€ä¾¦å¯Ÿï¼Œè°ƒæŸ¥èµ„æºï¼Œç›‘测地çƒæ°”候和污染ç‰ï¼›æœ‰çš„装有天文观测设备，用æ¥è¿›è¡Œå¤©æ–‡è§‚测；有的装有通信转æ’设备，用æ¥è½¬æ’广æ’ã€ç”µè§†ã€æ•°æ®é€šè®¯ã€ç”µè¯ç‰é€šè®¯è®¯å·ï¼›æœ‰çš„装有科å¦ç ”究设备，å¯ä»¥ç”¨æ¥è¿›è¡Œç§‘ç ”åŠç©ºé—´æ— é‡åŠ›æ¡ä»¶ä¸‹çš„特殊生产。<sup class="sup--normal" data-sup="3" data-ctrmap=":3,">
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<div class="para" label-module="para">æ€»ä¹‹ï¼Œäººé€ å«æ˜Ÿå› ç ”åˆ¶ã€<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7">生产</a>ã€ä½¿ç”¨è€…的目的ä¸åŒè€Œæœ‰ä¸åŒçš„用途。</div><div class="anchor-list">
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<a name="å«æ˜Ÿçš„分类" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
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<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">å«æ˜Ÿ</span>å«æ˜Ÿçš„分类</h2>
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<div class="para" label-module="para">å«æ˜ŸæŒ‰å®ƒæ‰€å›´ç»•çš„行星å¯åˆ†ä¸ºåœ°çƒå«æ˜Ÿæˆ–其他星çƒçš„å«æ˜Ÿã€‚按æ¥æºåˆ†ï¼Œåœ°çƒå«æ˜Ÿåˆå¯åˆ†ä¸º<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">天然å«æ˜Ÿ</a>å’Œ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">äººé€ åœ°çƒå«æ˜Ÿ</a>。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>行星的å«æ˜Ÿ</b></div>
<table log-set-param="table_view" class="table-view log-set-param"><caption>行星的å«æ˜Ÿæ•°é‡</caption><tr><th><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F">行星</a></div>
</th><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F">水星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F">金星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">地çƒ</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">ç«æ˜Ÿ</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">木星</div>
</td><td width="45" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F">土星</a></div>
</td><td width="81" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F">天王星</a></div>
</td><td width="73" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F">海王星</a></div>
</td><td width="102" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para">总计</div>
</td></tr><tr><th><div class="para" label-module="para">å«æ˜Ÿ</div>
</th><td><div class="para" label-module="para">0</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">0</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">2</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">66</div>
</td><td width="69" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para">62</div>
</td><td width="81" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para">27</div>
</td><td width="73" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para">13</div>
</td><td width="102" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para">171</div>
</td></tr></table><table log-set-param="table_view" class="table-view log-set-param"><caption>行星的å«æ˜Ÿåˆ—表</caption><tr><th><div class="para" label-module="para">æ¯æ˜Ÿ</div>
</th><th><div class="para" label-module="para">å«æ˜Ÿä»£å·</div>
</th><th><div class="para" label-module="para">国际命å</div>
</th><th><div class="para" label-module="para">ä¸æ–‡å称</div>
</th><th><div class="para" label-module="para">å‘现日期</div>
</th><th><div class="para" label-module="para">备注</div>
</th></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para">地çƒ</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Earth I</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Moon</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">月çƒ</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">ï¼</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para">ç«æ˜Ÿ</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Mars I</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Phobos</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%81%AB%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80">ç«å«ä¸€</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1877年8月18日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para">ç«æ˜Ÿ</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Mars II</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Deimos</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%81%AB%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C">ç«å«äºŒ</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1877年8月12日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para">木星</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Jupiter I</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Io</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80">木å«ä¸€</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1610年1月7日</div>
</td><td width="260" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BC%BD%E5%88%A9%E7%95%A5%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">伽利略å«æ˜Ÿ</a></div>
</td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para">木星</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Jupiter II</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Europa</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C">木å«äºŒ</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1610年1月7日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BC%BD%E5%88%A9%E7%95%A5%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">伽利略å«æ˜Ÿ</a></div>
</td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para">木星</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Jupiter III</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Ganymede</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%89">木å«ä¸‰</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1610年1月11日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BC%BD%E5%88%A9%E7%95%A5%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">伽利略å«æ˜Ÿ</a></div>
</td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para">木星</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Jupiter IV</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Callisto</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E5%9B%9B">木å«å››</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1610年1月7日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BC%BD%E5%88%A9%E7%95%A5%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">伽利略å«æ˜Ÿ</a></div>
</td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para">木星</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Jupiter V</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Amalthea</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%94">木å«äº”</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1892年9月9日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F">土星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Saturn I</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Mimas</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80">土å«ä¸€</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1789年9月17日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F">土星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Saturn II</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Enceladus</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C">土å«äºŒ</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1789年8月28日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F">土星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Saturn III</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Tethys</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%89">土å«ä¸‰</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1684年3月21日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para">有2颗特洛ä¾å«æ˜Ÿ</div>
</td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F">土星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Saturn IV</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Dione</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E5%9B%9B">土å«å››</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1684年3月21日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para">有2颗特洛ä¾å«æ˜Ÿ</div>
</td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F">土星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Saturn V</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Rhea</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%94">土å«äº”</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1672年12月23日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F">土星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Saturn VI</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Titan</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E5%85%AD">土å«å…</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1655年3月25日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F">土星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Saturn VII</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Hyperion</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%83">土å«ä¸ƒ</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1848年9月16日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F">土星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Saturn VIII</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Iapetus</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E5%85%AB">土å«å…«</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1671年10月25日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F">土星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Saturn IX</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Phoebe</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%B9%9D">土å«ä¹</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1898年8月16日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F">天王星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Uranus I</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Ariel</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80">天å«ä¸€</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1851年10月24日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F">天王星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Uranus II</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Umbriel</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C">天å«äºŒ</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1851年10月24日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F">天王星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Uranus III</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Titania</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%89">天å«ä¸‰</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1787年1月11日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F">天王星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Uranus IV</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Oberon</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E5%9B%9B">天å«å››</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1787年1月11日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F">海王星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Neptune I</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Triton</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80">æµ·å«ä¸€</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1846年10月10日</div>
</td><td width="169" align="left" valign="center"></td></tr></table><div class="para" label-module="para"><b>矮行星的å«æ˜Ÿ</b></div>
<table log-set-param="table_view" class="table-view log-set-param"><caption>矮行星的å«æ˜Ÿåˆ—表</caption><tr><th><div class="para" label-module="para">æ¯æ˜Ÿ</div>
</th><th><div class="para" label-module="para">æ¯æ˜Ÿåˆ†ç±»</div>
</th><th><div class="para" label-module="para">å«æ˜Ÿä»£å·</div>
</th><th><div class="para" label-module="para">国际命å</div>
</th><th><div class="para" label-module="para">ä¸æ–‡å称</div>
</th><th width="193" height="0" align="left"><div class="para" label-module="para">å‘现日期</div>
</th></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F">冥王星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%96%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93">外海王星天体</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Pluto I</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Charon</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%86%A5%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80">冥å«ä¸€</a></div>
</td><td width="193" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para">1978年4月13日</div>
</td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F">冥王星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%96%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93">外海王星天体</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Pluto II</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Nix</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%86%A5%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C">冥å«äºŒ</a></div>
</td><td width="193" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para">2005年5月15日</div>
</td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F">冥王星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%96%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93">外海王星天体</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Pluto III</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Hydra</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%86%A5%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%89">冥å«ä¸‰</a></div>
</td><td width="193" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para">2005年5月15日</div>
</td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F">冥王星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%96%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93">外海王星天体</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Pluto IV</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">S/2011 P 1</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%86%A5%E5%8D%AB%E5%9B%9B">冥å«å››</a></div>
</td><td width="278" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para">2011年6月28日</div>
</td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F">冥王星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%96%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93">外海王星天体</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Pluto V</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">S/2012 P 1</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%86%A5%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%94">冥å«äº”</a></div>
</td><td width="193" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para">2012年6月26日</div>
</td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%98%8B%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">阋神星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%BB%84%E9%81%93%E7%A6%BB%E6%95%A3%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93">黄é“离散天体</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Eris I</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Dysnomia</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%98%8B%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80">阋å«ä¸€</a></div>
</td><td width="193" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para">2005年9月10日</div>
</td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A6%8A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">妊神星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%96%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93">外海王星天体</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Haumea I</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Hi'iaka</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A6%8A%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80">妊å«ä¸€</a></div>
</td><td width="193" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para">2005年1月26日</div>
</td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A6%8A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">妊神星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%96%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93">外海王星天体</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Haumea II</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Namaka</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A6%8A%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C">妊å«äºŒ</a></div>
</td><td width="193" align="left" valign="center"><div class="para" label-module="para">2005年6月30日</div>
</td></tr></table><div class="para" label-module="para"><b>å°è¡Œæ˜Ÿçš„å«æ˜Ÿ</b></div>
<table log-set-param="table_view" class="table-view log-set-param"><caption>å°è¡Œæ˜Ÿçš„å«æ˜Ÿåˆ—表</caption><tr><th><div class="para" label-module="para">æ¯æ˜Ÿ</div>
</th><th><div class="para" label-module="para">æ¯æ˜Ÿåˆ†ç±»</div>
</th><th><div class="para" label-module="para">å«æ˜Ÿä»£å·</div>
</th><th><div class="para" label-module="para">国际命å</div>
</th><th><div class="para" label-module="para">ä¸æ–‡å称</div>
</th><th><div class="para" label-module="para">å‘现日期</div>
</th><th><div class="para" label-module="para">备注</div>
</th></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8F%B8%E8%B5%8B%E6%98%9F">å¸èµ‹æ˜Ÿ</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%B8%A6">å°è¡Œæ˜Ÿå¸¦</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">(22) Kalliope I</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Linus</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">en:林诺斯</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">2001年8月29日</div>
</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%AC%A7%E4%BB%81%E5%A6%AE">欧ä»å¦®</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%B8%A6">å°è¡Œæ˜Ÿå¸¦</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">(45) Eugenia I</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Petit-Prince</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">en:<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%B0%8F%E7%8E%8B%E5%AD%90">å°çŽ‹å</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1998年11月1日</div>
</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%AC%A7%E4%BB%81%E5%A6%AE">欧ä»å¦®</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%B8%A6">å°è¡Œæ˜Ÿå¸¦</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">S/2004 (45) 1</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">ï¼</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">S/2000 (90) 1</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">2004年2月</div>
</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9E%97%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">林神星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%B8%A6">å°è¡Œæ˜Ÿå¸¦</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">(87) Sylvia I</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Romulus</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">en:<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%BD%97%E7%A9%86%E5%8D%A2%E6%96%AF">罗穆å¢æ–¯</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">2001年2月18日</div>
</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9E%97%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">林神星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%B8%A6">å°è¡Œæ˜Ÿå¸¦</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">(87) Sylvia II</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Remus</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">en:ç‘žæ‘©æ–¯</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">2004年8月9日</div>
</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BC%91%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">休神星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%B8%A6">å°è¡Œæ˜Ÿå¸¦</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">S/2000 (90) 1</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">ï¼</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">S/2000 (90) 1</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">2000年8月10日</div>
</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para">en:<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BC%8A%E8%BE%BE">伊达</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%B8%A6">å°è¡Œæ˜Ÿå¸¦</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">(243) Ida I</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Dactyl</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">en:达克å£</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">1993年8月28日</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">第一个å‘现的å°è¡Œæ˜Ÿçš„å«æ˜Ÿ</div>
</td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para">en:帕特罗克洛斯</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">木星特洛ä¾ç¾¤</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">(617) Patroclus I</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Menoetius</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A2%A8%E8%AF%BA%E6%8F%90%E4%BF%84%E6%96%AF">墨诺æä¿„æ–¯</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">2001å¹´</div>
</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97">阿波罗</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">阿波罗群</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">S/2005 (1862) 1</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">ï¼</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">S/2005 (1862) 1</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">2005年10月29日</div>
</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para">en:<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A0%A4%E4%B8%B0">å ¤ä¸°</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">åŠäººé©¬ç¾¤æˆ–<br/>　　<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%96%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93">外海王星天体</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">(42355) Typhon I</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Echidna</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8E%84%E5%AE%A2%E5%BE%B7%E5%A8%9C">厄客德娜</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">2006年1月20日</div>
</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%88%9B%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F">创神星</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%96%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93">外海王星天体</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">S/2007 (50000) 1</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Weywot</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">en:维沃特</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">2006年2月14日</div>
</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para">en:<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%80%BB%E5%90%84%E6%96%AF">逻å„æ–¯</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%96%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93">外海王星天体</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">(58534) Logos I</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Zoe</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">ä½è€¶</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">2001年11月17日</div>
</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%88%BB%E6%89%98">刻托</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">åŠäººé©¬ç¾¤æˆ–<br/>　　<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%96%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93">外海王星天体</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">(65489) Ceto I</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Phorcys</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%A6%8F%E8%80%B3%E5%BA%93%E6%96%AF">ç¦è€³åº“æ–¯</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">2006年4月11日</div>
</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para">en:得哈é²å¸Œé˜¿ç“¦æˆˆ</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%96%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93">外海王星天体</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">(88611) Teharonhiawako I</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">Sawiskera</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">en:扎维斯克拉</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">2001年10月11日</div>
</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8E%84%E8%80%B3%E6%9E%AF%E6%96%AF">厄耳枯斯</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%96%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93">外海王星天体</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">S/2007 (90482) 1</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">ï¼</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">S/2007 (90482) 1</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">2005年11月13日</div>
</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para">å°è¡Œæ˜Ÿ136108</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%96%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93">外海王星天体</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">S/2005 (136108) 1</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">ï¼</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">S/2005 (136108) 1</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">2005年1月28日</div>
</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><div class="para" label-module="para">å°è¡Œæ˜Ÿ136108</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%96%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93">外海王星天体</a></div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">S/2005 (136108) 2</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">ï¼</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">S/2005 (136108) 1</div>
</td><td><div class="para" label-module="para">2005年6月30日</div>
</td><td></td></tr></table><div class="anchor-list">
<a name="6" class="lemma-anchor para-title" ></a>
<a name="sub6639018_6" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
<a name="太阳系å«æ˜Ÿ" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
</div><div class="para-title level-2" label-module="para-title">
<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">å«æ˜Ÿ</span>太阳系å«æ˜Ÿ</h2>
<a class="edit-icon j-edit-link" data-edit-dl="6" href="javascript:;"><em class="cmn-icon wiki-lemma-icons wiki-lemma-icons_edit-lemma"></em>编辑</a>
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<div class="para" label-module="para">太阳系内最大的å«æ˜Ÿï¼ˆè¶…过3000公里）包括地çƒçš„å«æ˜Ÿæœˆçƒã€æœ¨æ˜Ÿçš„<div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:220px; float: right;">
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title="土å«å…(æ³°å¦)" style="width:220px;height:160px;">
<img class="lazy-img" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAMAAAAoyzS7AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAAZQTFRF9fX1AAAA0VQI3QAAAAxJREFUeNpiYAAIMAAAAgABT21Z4QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" data-src="https://gss0.bdstatic.com/-4o3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D220/sign=dc5428208618367aa98978df1e738b68/4e4a20a4462309f7fc57481b720e0cf3d7cad6fb.jpg" alt="土å«å…(æ³°å¦)" style="width:220px;height:160px;"/>
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<span class="description">
土å«å…(æ³°å¦)
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</div><a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BC%BD%E5%88%A9%E7%95%A5%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">伽利略å«æ˜Ÿ</a><a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80">木å«ä¸€</a>（<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BC%8A%E4%BF%84">伊俄</a>）ã€<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C">木å«äºŒ</a>（<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%AC%A7%E7%BD%97%E5%B7%B4">欧罗巴</a>）ã€<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%89">木å«ä¸‰</a>（<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%9B%96%E5%B0%BC%E7%B1%B3%E5%BE%97">盖尼米得</a>）ã€<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E5%9B%9B">木å«å››</a>（<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8D%A1%E5%88%A9%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98">å¡åˆ©æ–¯æ‰˜</a>）ã€<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F">土星</a>çš„å«æ˜Ÿ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E5%85%AD">土å«å…</a>（<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9D%A6">æ³°å¦</a>），以åŠ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F">海王星</a>æ•èŽ·çš„å«æ˜Ÿ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80">æµ·å«ä¸€</a>（<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%89%B9%E8%B5%96%E7%99%BB">特赖登</a>）。</div><div class="anchor-list">
<a name="7" class="lemma-anchor para-title" ></a>
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<a name="äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿ" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
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<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">å«æ˜Ÿ</span>äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿ</h2>
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<div class="para" label-module="para">äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿæ˜¯ä¸ªå…´æ—ºçš„家æ—，如果按用途分，它å¯åˆ†ä¸ºä¸‰å¤§ç±»ï¼šç§‘å¦å«æ˜Ÿï¼ŒæŠ€æœ¯è¯•éªŒå«æ˜Ÿå’Œåº”用å«æ˜Ÿã€‚科å¦å«æ˜Ÿæ˜¯ç”¨äºŽç§‘å¦æŽ¢æµ‹å’Œç ”究的å«æ˜Ÿï¼Œä¸»è¦åŒ…括<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4">空间</a>物ç†æŽ¢æµ‹å«æ˜Ÿå’Œå¤©æ–‡å«æ˜Ÿï¼Œç”¨æ¥ç ”究æŸæ˜Ÿçƒçš„大气ã€è¾å°„带ã€ç£å±‚ã€å®‡å®™çº¿ã€å¤ªé˜³è¾å°„ç‰ï¼Œå¹¶å¯ä»¥è§‚测其他星体，目å‰ä¸–ç•Œä¸Šå¤§å¤šæ•°çš„äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿä¸ºäººé€ 地çƒå«æ˜Ÿï¼Œå¦å¤–æœ‰äººé€ ç«æ˜Ÿå«æ˜Ÿç‰äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">1957å¹´10月4日，<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%89%8D%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94">å‰è‹è”</a>æˆåŠŸå‘射了世界上第一个<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">äººé€ åœ°çƒå«æ˜Ÿ</a>。</div>
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<div class="para" label-module="para">1970å¹´4月24日，ä¸å›½è‡ªè¡Œè®¾è®¡ã€åˆ¶é€ çš„ç¬¬ä¸€é¢—äººé€ åœ°çƒå«æ˜Ÿâ€œ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9%E7%BA%A2%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%B7">东方红一å·</a>â€ï¼Œç”±â€œ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%95%BF%E5%BE%81%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%B7">é•¿å¾ä¸€å·</a>â€è¿è½½ç«ç®ä¸€æ¬¡å‘å°„æˆåŠŸã€‚å«æ˜Ÿè¿è¡Œè½¨é“è·åœ°çƒæœ€è¿‘点439公里，最远点2384公里，轨é“å¹³é¢å’Œåœ°çƒèµ¤é“å¹³é¢çš„夹角68.5度，绕地çƒä¸€å‘¨114分钟。å«æ˜Ÿé‡173公斤，用20009兆周的频率，æ’é€ã€Š<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9%E7%BA%A2">东方红</a>》ä¹æ›²ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>ä¸å›½çš„äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿäº§ä¸šè§„划</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">《国家å«æ˜Ÿå¯¼èˆªäº§ä¸šä¸é•¿æœŸå‘展规划》（以下简称《规划》）的出å°å°†å¯¹äº§ä¸šå‘展形æˆå¾ˆå¼ºçš„推动作用，而在<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%AF%BC%E8%88%AA">å«æ˜Ÿå¯¼èˆª</a>产业接下æ¥çš„å‘展过程ä¸ï¼Œé¾™å¤´ä¼ä¸šå°†æˆä¸ºå«æ˜Ÿå¯¼èˆªäº§ä¸šå‘展的主力军。éšç€æˆ‘国科技实力的日益æå‡ï¼Œå«æ˜Ÿå¯¼èˆªäº§ä¸šä¹Ÿå°†è¿Žæ¥è‰¯å¥½çš„å‘展机é‡ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">《规 划》已ç»å›½åŠ¡é™¢åŒæ„，并予以å°å‘。《规划》æ出，到2020年，我国å«æ˜Ÿå¯¼èˆªäº§ä¸šåˆ›æ–°å‘å±•æ ¼å±€åŸºæœ¬å½¢æˆï¼Œäº§ä¸šåº”用规模和国际化水平大幅æå‡ï¼Œäº§ä¸šè§„模超过 4000亿元，北斗å«æ˜Ÿå¯¼èˆªç³»ç»ŸåŠå…¶å…¼å®¹äº§å“在国民ç»æµŽé‡è¦è¡Œä¸šå’Œå…³é”®é¢†åŸŸå¾—到广泛应用，在大众消费市场é€æ¥æŽ¨å¹¿æ™®åŠï¼Œå¯¹å›½å†…å«æ˜Ÿå¯¼èˆªåº”用市场的贡献率达 到60%，é‡è¦åº”用领域达到80%以上，在全çƒå¸‚场具有较强的国际竞争力。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">ä¸å›½å«æ˜Ÿå¯¼èˆªå®šä½å会æ¤å‰å‘布的《ä¸å›½å«æ˜Ÿå¯¼èˆªä¸Žä½ç½®æœåŠ¡äº§ä¸šå‘展白皮书》也指出，到2015å¹´ä¸å›½å«æ˜Ÿå¯¼èˆªä¸Žä½ç½®æœåŠ¡äº§ä¸šå¹´äº§å€¼å°†è¶…过2250亿元人民å¸ï¼Œå…¶ä¸åŒ—æ–—å«æ˜Ÿå¯¼èˆªç³»ç»Ÿé™†è·¯äº¤é€šåº”用年市场销售é¢å°†è¶…过65亿元。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">è§‚ç ”å¤©ä¸‹åˆ†æžå¸ˆè¿˜è¡¨ç¤ºï¼Œ4000亿元的产业规模将使å«æ˜Ÿå¯¼èˆªäº§ä¸šæˆä¸ºæŽ¥ä¸‹æ¥æ–°çš„投资的çƒç‚¹è¡Œä¸šã€‚包括å«æ˜Ÿå¯¼èˆªè®¾å¤‡ã€æ±½è½¦åº”用ã€ç›¸å…³åŽŸææ–™ç”Ÿäº§å’Œä¾›åº”å•†éƒ½å°†å› æ¤èŽ·ç›Šã€‚éšç€ã€Šè§„划》的è½å®žï¼Œå¯¹äºŽç›¸å…³æ¿å—的上市公å¸çš„ä¸é•¿æœŸå‘展将起到é‡è¦ä½œç”¨ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">对 于海外市场的开拓，《规划》指出，积æžå®žæ–½â€œèµ°å‡ºåŽ»â€æˆ˜ç•¥ï¼ŒåŠ 大北斗å«æ˜Ÿå¯¼èˆªç³»ç»Ÿå¢ƒå¤–应用推广力度，鼓励有æ¡ä»¶çš„ä¼ä¸šåœ¨å¢ƒå¤–å»ºç«‹ç ”å‘ä¸å¿ƒå’Œè¥é”€æœåŠ¡ç½‘络， 大力开拓国际市场，åŒæ—¶é¼“励国外ä¼ä¸šå¼€å‘利用北斗å«æ˜Ÿå¯¼èˆªç³»ç»Ÿï¼›æž„建完善产业国际化å‘展支撑体系，æå‡å…¨çƒåŒ–å‘展æœåŠ¡ä¿éšœèƒ½åŠ›ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>äººé€ åœ°çƒå«æ˜Ÿç®€ä»‹</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>概述</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">äººé€ åœ°çƒå«æ˜Ÿ</a>指用<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%BF%90%E8%BD%BD%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD">è¿è½½ç«ç®</a>å‘射到高空并使其沿ç€ä¸€å®š<div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:193px; float: right;">
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title="ä¸å›½äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿ" style="width:193px;height:200px;">
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ä¸å›½äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿ
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</div>轨é“环绕地çƒè¿è¡Œçš„宇宙飞行器。å«æ˜Ÿçš„外貌åƒå§¿ç™¾æ€ï¼Œæœ‰çƒå½¢ã€å¤šé¢å½¢ã€åœ†æŸ±å½¢ã€æ£±æŸ±å½¢ï¼Œè¿˜æœ‰åƒå“‘铃ã€çš‡å† ã€è´è¶å’Œå¤§é¹ç‰å½¢çŠ¶çš„。</div>
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<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>组æˆ</b></div>
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<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>轨é“</b></div>
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<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>分类</b></div>
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<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>价值</b></div>
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<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>工作原ç†</b></div>
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</div>除了明显的特例，所有通信å«æ˜Ÿéƒ½è¿è¡Œåœ¨22,300英里的轨é“ä¸Šï¼Œå› ä¸ºåœ¨é‚£ä¸ªé«˜åº¦ä¸Šï¼Œå®ƒâ€œæ¯å°æ—¶1.8万英里的速度绕地çƒä¸€åœˆï¼Œæ‰€éœ€çš„时间æ°å¥½ç‰äºŽåœ°çƒè‡ªè½¬çš„周期——约24å°æ—¶ã€‚如果å«æ˜Ÿä¸Žèµ¤é“æˆä¸€çº¿è¿åŠ¨ï¼Œå®ƒå°†ä¸Žåœ°çƒåŒæ¥ï¼Œæˆ–称相对é™æ¢â€”—“固定â€äºŽåœ°çƒä¸ŠæŸä¸€ç‚¹çš„上空。明显的特例是è‹è”“闪电â€å«æ˜Ÿçš„轨é“．åªæœ‰å½“å«æ˜Ÿè¿è¡Œåœ¨èµ¤é“上方，它æ‰å¯èƒ½ä¸Žåœ°çƒåŒæ¥ï¼Œç„¶è€Œå¤§éƒ¨åˆ†åœ°åŒºå¤„高纬度，è½åœ¨èµ¤é“上空的åŒæ¥å«æ˜Ÿçš„视界之外。为其通信需è¦ï¼Œè‹è”设计了远地点为2.5万英里ã€è¿‘地点为300英里的大æ¤åœ†è½¨é“。å«æ˜Ÿä¸ä¸Žèµ¤é“æˆä¸€çº¿è¿åŠ¨é¢æ˜¯ä¸Žèµ¤é“æž„æˆå¤¹è§’，以使å«æ˜Ÿåœ¨åŒ—åŠçƒé£žè¶Šè‹è”，在å—åŠçƒé£žè¶Šå—æžæ´²ã€‚“闪电â€çš„轨é“周期是12å°æ—¶ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>GPS系统简介</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">包括三大部分：空间部分—GPSå«æ˜Ÿæ˜Ÿåº§ï¼›åœ°é¢æŽ§åˆ¶éƒ¨åˆ†â€”地é¢ç›‘控系统；用户设备部分—GPSä¿¡å·æŽ¥æ”¶æœºã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>GPSå«æ˜Ÿæ˜Ÿåº§</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">ç”±21颗工作å«æ˜Ÿå’Œ3颗在轨备用å«æ˜Ÿç»„æˆGPSå«æ˜Ÿæ˜Ÿåº§ï¼Œè®°ä½œï¼ˆ21+3）GPS星座。24颗å«æ˜Ÿå‡åŒ€åˆ†å¸ƒåœ¨6个轨é“å¹³é¢å†…，轨é“倾角为55度，å„个轨é“å¹³é¢ä¹‹é—´ç›¸è·60度，å³è½¨é“çš„<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8D%87%E4%BA%A4%E7%82%B9%E8%B5%A4%E7%BB%8F">å‡äº¤ç‚¹èµ¤ç»</a>å„相差60度。æ¯ä¸ªè½¨é“å¹³é¢å†…å„颗å«æ˜Ÿä¹‹é—´çš„å‡äº¤è§’è·ç›¸å·®90度，一轨é“å¹³é¢ä¸Šçš„å«æ˜Ÿæ¯”西边相邻轨é“å¹³é¢ä¸Šçš„相应å«æ˜Ÿè¶…å‰30度。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">在两万公里高空的GPSå«æ˜Ÿï¼Œå½“地çƒå¯¹æ’星æ¥è¯´è‡ªè½¬ä¸€å‘¨æ—¶ï¼Œå®ƒä»¬ç»•åœ°çƒè¿è¡ŒäºŒå‘¨ï¼Œå³ç»•åœ°çƒä¸€å‘¨çš„时间为12<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%81%92%E6%98%9F%E6%97%B6">æ’星时</a>ã€‚è¿™æ ·ï¼Œå¯¹äºŽåœ°é¢è§‚测者æ¥è¯´ï¼Œæ¯å¤©å°†æå‰4分钟è§åˆ°åŒä¸€é¢—GPSå«æ˜Ÿã€‚ä½äºŽåœ°å¹³çº¿ä»¥ä¸Šçš„å«æ˜Ÿé¢—æ•°éšç€æ—¶é—´å’Œåœ°ç‚¹çš„ä¸åŒè€Œä¸åŒï¼Œæœ€å°‘å¯è§åˆ°4颗，最多å¯è§åˆ°11颗。在用GPSä¿¡å·å¯¼èˆªå®šä½æ—¶ï¼Œä¸ºäº†ç»“算测站的三维åæ ‡ï¼Œå¿…é¡»è§‚æµ‹4颗GPSå«æ˜Ÿï¼Œç§°ä¸ºå®šä½æ˜Ÿåº§ã€‚è¿™4颗å«æ˜Ÿåœ¨è§‚测过程ä¸çš„å‡ ä½•ä½ç½®åˆ†å¸ƒå¯¹å®šä½ç²¾åº¦æœ‰ä¸€å®šçš„å½±å“。对于æŸåœ°æŸæ—¶ï¼Œç”šè‡³ä¸èƒ½æµ‹å¾—精确的点ä½åæ ‡ï¼Œè¿™ç§æ—¶é—´æ®µå«åšâ€œé—´éš™æ®µâ€ã€‚但这ç§æ—¶é—´é—´éš™æ®µæ˜¯å¾ˆçŸæš‚的，并ä¸å½±å“å…¨çƒç»å¤§å¤šæ•°åœ°æ–¹çš„全天候ã€é«˜ç²¾åº¦ã€è¿žç»å®žæ—¶çš„导航定ä½æµ‹é‡ã€‚GPS工作å«æ˜Ÿçš„ç¼–å·å’Œè¯•éªŒå«æ˜ŸåŸºæœ¬ç›¸åŒã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>地é¢ç›‘控系统</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">对于导航定ä½æ¥è¯´ï¼ŒGPSå«æ˜Ÿæ˜¯ä¸€åŠ¨æ€å·²çŸ¥ç‚¹ã€‚星的ä½ç½®æ˜¯ä¾æ®å«æ˜Ÿå‘å°„çš„<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%98%9F%E5%8E%86">星历</a>—æè¿°å«æ˜Ÿè¿åŠ¨åŠå…¶è½¨é“çš„çš„å‚数算得的。æ¯é¢—GPSå«æ˜Ÿæ‰€æ’å‘的星历，是由地é¢ç›‘控系统æ供的。å«æ˜Ÿä¸Šçš„å„ç§è®¾å¤‡æ˜¯å¦æ£å¸¸å·¥ä½œï¼Œä»¥åŠå«æ˜Ÿæ˜¯å¦ä¸€ç›´æ²¿ç€é¢„定轨é“è¿è¡Œï¼Œéƒ½è¦ç”±åœ°é¢è®¾å¤‡è¿›è¡Œç›‘测和控制。地é¢ç›‘控系统å¦ä¸€é‡è¦ä½œç”¨æ˜¯ä¿æŒå„颗å«æ˜Ÿå¤„于åŒä¸€æ—¶é—´æ ‡å‡†â€”GPS时间系统。这就需è¦åœ°é¢ç«™ç›‘测å„颗å«æ˜Ÿçš„时间，求出<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%92%9F%E5%B7%AE">é’Ÿå·®</a>。然åŽç”±åœ°é¢æ³¨å…¥ç«™å‘ç»™å«æ˜Ÿï¼Œå«æ˜Ÿå†ç”±<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%AF%BC%E8%88%AA%E7%94%B5%E6%96%87">导航电文</a>å‘给用户设备。GPS工作å«æ˜Ÿçš„地é¢ç›‘控系统包括一个主控站ã€ä¸‰ä¸ªæ³¨å…¥ç«™å’Œäº”个监测站。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>GPSä¿¡å·æŽ¥æ”¶æœº</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">GPSä¿¡å·æŽ¥æ”¶æœºçš„任务是：能够æ•èŽ·åˆ°æŒ‰ä¸€å®š<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%AB%98%E5%BA%A6">å«æ˜Ÿé«˜åº¦</a>截æ¢è§’所选择的待测å«æ˜Ÿçš„ä¿¡å·ï¼Œå¹¶è·Ÿè¸ªè¿™äº›å«æ˜Ÿçš„è¿è¡Œï¼Œå¯¹æ‰€æŽ¥æ”¶åˆ°çš„GPSä¿¡å·è¿›è¡Œå˜æ¢ã€æ”¾å¤§å’Œå¤„ç†ï¼Œä»¥ä¾¿æµ‹é‡å‡ºGPSä¿¡å·ä»Žå«æ˜Ÿåˆ°æŽ¥æ”¶æœºå¤©çº¿çš„ä¼ æ’时间，解译出GPSå«æ˜Ÿæ‰€å‘é€çš„导航电文，实时地计算出测站的三维ä½ç½®ï¼Œä½ç½®ï¼Œç”šè‡³ä¸‰ç»´é€Ÿåº¦å’Œæ—¶é—´ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">GPSå«æ˜Ÿå‘é€çš„导航定ä½ä¿¡å·ï¼Œæ˜¯ä¸€ç§å¯ä¾›æ— 数用户共享的信æ¯èµ„æºã€‚对于陆地ã€æµ·æ´‹å’Œç©ºé—´çš„广大用户，åªè¦ç”¨æˆ·æ‹¥æœ‰èƒ½å¤ŸæŽ¥æ”¶ã€è·Ÿè¸ªã€å˜æ¢å’Œæµ‹é‡GPSä¿¡å·çš„接收设备，å³GPSä¿¡å·æŽ¥æ”¶æœºã€‚å¯ä»¥åœ¨ä»»ä½•æ—¶å€™ç”¨GPSä¿¡å·è¿›è¡Œå¯¼èˆªå®šä½æµ‹é‡ã€‚æ ¹æ®ä½¿ç”¨ç›®çš„çš„ä¸åŒï¼Œç”¨æˆ·è¦æ±‚çš„GPSä¿¡å·æŽ¥æ”¶æœºä¹Ÿå„æœ‰å·®å¼‚ã€‚ä¸–ç•Œä¸Šå·²æœ‰å‡ å家工厂生产<a target=_blank href="/item/GPS%E6%8E%A5%E6%94%B6%E6%9C%BA">GPS接收机</a>，产å“ä¹Ÿæœ‰å‡ ç™¾ç§ã€‚这些产å“å¯ä»¥æŒ‰ç…§åŽŸç†ã€ç”¨é€”ã€åŠŸèƒ½ç‰æ¥åˆ†ç±»ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%9D%99%E6%80%81%E5%AE%9A%E4%BD%8D">é™æ€å®šä½</a>ä¸ï¼ŒGPS接收机在æ•èŽ·å’Œè·Ÿè¸ªGPSå«æ˜Ÿçš„过程ä¸å›ºå®šä¸å˜ï¼ŒæŽ¥æ”¶æœºé«˜ç²¾åº¦åœ°æµ‹é‡GPSä¿¡å·çš„ä¼ æ’时间，利用GPSå«æ˜Ÿåœ¨è½¨çš„已知ä½ç½®ï¼Œè§£ç®—出接收机天线所在ä½ç½®çš„三维åæ ‡ã€‚è€ŒåŠ¨æ€å®šä½åˆ™æ˜¯ç”¨GPS接收机测定一个è¿åŠ¨ç‰©ä½“çš„è¿è¡Œè½¨è¿¹ã€‚GPSä¿¡å·æŽ¥æ”¶æœºæ‰€ä½äºŽçš„è¿åŠ¨ç‰©ä½“å«åšè½½ä½“（如航行ä¸çš„船舰，空ä¸çš„飞机，行走的车辆ç‰ï¼‰ã€‚载体上的GPS接收机天线在跟踪GPSå«æ˜Ÿçš„过程ä¸ç›¸å¯¹åœ°çƒè€Œè¿åŠ¨ï¼ŒæŽ¥æ”¶æœºç”¨GPSä¿¡å·å®žæ—¶åœ°æµ‹å¾—è¿åŠ¨è½½ä½“的状æ€å‚数（瞬间三维ä½ç½®å’Œä¸‰ç»´é€Ÿåº¦ï¼‰ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">接收机硬件和机内软件以åŠGPSæ•°æ®çš„åŽå¤„ç†è½¯ä»¶åŒ…，构æˆå®Œæ•´çš„GPS用户设备。GPS接收机的结构分为天线å•å…ƒå’ŒæŽ¥æ”¶å•å…ƒä¸¤å¤§éƒ¨åˆ†ã€‚对于<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%8B%E5%9C%B0%E5%9E%8B%E6%8E%A5%E6%94%B6%E6%9C%BA">测地型接收机</a>æ¥è¯´ï¼Œä¸¤ä¸ªå•å…ƒä¸€èˆ¬åˆ†æˆä¸¤ä¸ªç‹¬ç«‹çš„部件，观测时将天线å•å…ƒå®‰ç½®åœ¨æµ‹ç«™ä¸Šï¼ŒæŽ¥æ”¶å•å…ƒç½®äºŽæµ‹ç«™é™„近的适当地方，用电缆线将两者连接æˆä¸€ä¸ªæ•´æœºã€‚也有的将天线å•å…ƒå’ŒæŽ¥æ”¶å•å…ƒåˆ¶ä½œæˆä¸€ä¸ªæ•´ä½“，观测时将其安置在测站点上。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">GPSæŽ¥æ”¶æœºä¸€èˆ¬ç”¨è“„ç”µæ± åšç”µæºã€‚åŒæ—¶é‡‡ç”¨æœºå†…机外两ç§ç›´æµç”µæºã€‚è®¾ç½®æœºå†…ç”µæ± çš„ç›®çš„åœ¨äºŽæ›´æ¢å¤–ç”µæ± æ—¶ä¸ä¸æ–è¿žç»è§‚æµ‹ã€‚åœ¨ç”¨æœºå¤–ç”µæ± çš„è¿‡ç¨‹ä¸ï¼Œæœºå†…ç”µæ± è‡ªåŠ¨å……ç”µã€‚å…³æœºåŽï¼Œæœºå†…ç”µæ± ä¸ºRAMå˜å‚¨å™¨ä¾›ç”µï¼Œä»¥é˜²æ¢ä¸¢å¤±æ•°æ®ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">è¿‘å‡ å¹´ï¼Œå›½å†…å¼•è¿›äº†è®¸å¤šç§ç±»åž‹çš„GPS测地型接收机。å„ç§ç±»åž‹çš„GPS测地型接收机用于精密相对定ä½æ—¶ï¼Œå…¶åŒé¢‘接收机精度å¯è¾¾5MM+1PPM.D，<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8D%95%E9%A2%91%E6%8E%A5%E6%94%B6%E6%9C%BA">å•é¢‘接收机</a>在一定è·ç¦»å†…精度å¯è¾¾10MM+2PPM.D。用于<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%B7%AE%E5%88%86%E5%AE%9A%E4%BD%8D">差分定ä½</a>其精度å¯è¾¾äºšç±³çº§è‡³åŽ˜ç±³çº§ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">å„ç§ç±»åž‹çš„GPS接收机体积越æ¥è¶Šå°ï¼Œé‡é‡è¶Šæ¥è¶Šè½»ï¼Œä¾¿äºŽé‡Žå¤–观测。GPSå’ŒGLONASS兼容的<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%AF%BC%E8%88%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%BD%8D%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F">å…¨çƒå¯¼èˆªå®šä½ç³»ç»Ÿ</a>接收机已ç»é—®ä¸–。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>å«æ˜Ÿå·¥ç¨‹ç³»ç»Ÿ</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">ä½äºŽå¾·å›½<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%B7%B4%E4%BC%90%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A">å·´ä¼åˆ©äºš</a>赖斯廷的世界上最大的<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E9%9D%A2%E7%AB%99">å«æ˜Ÿåœ°é¢ç«™</a>äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿèƒ½å¤ŸæˆåŠŸæ‰§è¡Œé¢„定任务，å•å‡å«æ˜Ÿæœ¬èº«æ˜¯ä¸è¡Œçš„，而需è¦å®Œæ•´çš„å«æ˜Ÿå·¥ç¨‹ç³»ç»Ÿï¼Œä¸€èˆ¬ç”±ä»¥ä¸‹ç³»ç»Ÿç»„æˆï¼š</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">å‘射场系统</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">è¿è½½ç«ç®ç³»ç»Ÿ</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">å«æ˜Ÿç³»ç»Ÿ</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">测控系统</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">å«æ˜Ÿåº”用系统</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">回收区系统（é™äºŽ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%BF%94%E5%9B%9E%E5%BC%8F%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">返回å¼å«æ˜Ÿ</a>）</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">是由绕月å«æ˜Ÿã€è¿è½½ç«ç®ã€å‘射场ã€æµ‹æŽ§å’Œåœ°é¢åº”用ç‰äº”大系统组æˆã€‚å…¶ä¸ç»•æœˆå«æ˜Ÿç”±ä¸å›½ç©ºé—´æŠ€æœ¯ç ”ç©¶é™¢è´Ÿè´£ç ”åˆ¶ï¼Œè¢«å‘½å为嫦娥一å·ï¼Œé€‰ç”¨<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9%E7%BA%A2">东方红</a>三å·å«æ˜Ÿå¹³å°ï¼Œæ€»é‡é‡2350åƒå…‹ï¼Œè®¾è®¡å¯¿å‘½ä¸€å¹´ï¼›è¿è½½ç«ç®ç”±<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%BF%90%E8%BD%BD%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E9%99%A2">ä¸å›½è¿è½½ç«ç®æŠ€æœ¯ç ”究院</a>è´Ÿè´£ç ”åˆ¶ï¼Œé€‰ç”¨é•¿å¾ä¸‰å·ç”²ï¼Œç«ç®å…¨é•¿52.52米，最大直径3.35米，è¿è½½èƒ½åŠ›ä¸º2600åƒå…‹ï¼Œå·²æœ‰10多次全胜å‘射记录；å‘射场系统由西昌å«æ˜Ÿå‘å°„ä¸å¿ƒè´Ÿè´£å»ºè®¾ï¼Œé€‰åœ¨è¥¿æ˜Œå«æ˜Ÿå‘å°„ä¸å¿ƒï¼Œæ”¹å»ºä¸€ç³»åˆ—çš„å‘å°„å·¥ä½ï¼›æµ‹æŽ§ç³»ç»Ÿç”±è¥¿å®‰å«æ˜Ÿæµ‹æŽ§ä¸å¿ƒå’Œæ€»è£…测通所负责建设，以我国现有的3频段航天测控网为主，辅以甚长基线干涉（VLBI）天文<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%8B%E9%87%8F%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F">测é‡ç³»ç»Ÿ</a>组æˆï¼›åœ°é¢åº”用系统由ä¸ç§‘院空间科å¦ä¸Žåº”ç”¨ç ”ç©¶ä¸å¿ƒè´Ÿè´£ç ”制和建设，由数æ®æŽ¥æ”¶ã€è¿è¡Œç®¡ç†ã€æ•°æ®é¢„处ç†ã€æ•°æ®ç®¡ç†ã€ç§‘å¦åº”ç”¨ä¸Žç ”ç©¶äº”ä¸ªåˆ†ç³»ç»Ÿç»„æˆã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>å«æ˜Ÿç³»ç»Ÿè®¾å¤‡</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">å«æ˜Ÿç³»ç»Ÿä¸ï¼Œå„ç§è®¾å¤‡æŒ‰å…¶åŠŸèƒ½ä¸Šçš„ä¸åŒï¼Œåˆ†ä¸ºæœ‰æ•ˆè½½è·åŠå«æ˜Ÿå¹³å°ä¸¤å¤§éƒ¨åˆ†ã€‚å«æ˜Ÿå¹³å°åˆåˆ†ä¸ºå¤šä¸ªå系统：</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>有效载è·</b>（ä¸åŒç±»åž‹å«æ˜Ÿå‡ä¸åŒï¼Œå…±åŒçš„有：）</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">对地相机</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">æ’星相机</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">æ载的有效载è·</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>å«æ˜Ÿå¹³å°</b>（为有效载è·çš„æ“作æ供环境åŠæŠ€æœ¯æ¡ä»¶ï¼ŒåŒ…括：）</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">æœåŠ¡ç³»ç»Ÿ</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">çƒæŽ§åˆ†ç³»ç»Ÿ</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">姿æ€å’Œè½¨é“控制分系统</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">程åºæŽ§åˆ¶åˆ†ç³»ç»Ÿ</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">é¥æµ‹åˆ†ç³»ç»Ÿ</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">é¥æŽ§åˆ†ç³»ç»Ÿ</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">跟踪和测试分系统</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">ä¾›é…电分系统</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">返回分系统（é™äºŽè¿”回å¼å«æ˜Ÿï¼‰</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">å«æ˜Ÿç»“æž„å¹³å°</div><div class="anchor-list">
<a name="8" class="lemma-anchor para-title" ></a>
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<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">å«æ˜Ÿ</span>å„国å‘展</h2>
<a class="edit-icon j-edit-link" data-edit-dl="8" href="javascript:;"><em class="cmn-icon wiki-lemma-icons wiki-lemma-icons_edit-lemma"></em>编辑</a>
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<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>è‹è”</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">1957å¹´10月4日，世界上第一个<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">äººé€ åœ°çƒå«æ˜Ÿ</a>ç”±å‰è‹è”å‘å°„æˆåŠŸã€‚这个å«æ˜Ÿåœ¨ç¦»åœ°é¢900公里的高空è¿è¡Œï¼›å®ƒæ¯è½¬ä¸€æ•´å‘¨çš„时间是1å°æ—¶35分钟，它的è¿è¡Œè½¨é“和赤é“å¹³é¢ä¹‹é—´æ‰€å½¢æˆçš„倾斜角是65度。它是一个çƒå½¢ä½“，直径58公分，é‡83.6公斤。内装两部ä¸æ–放射<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E7%94%B5">æ— çº¿ç”µ</a>ä¿¡å·çš„<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E7%94%B5%E5%8F%91%E6%8A%A5%E6%9C%BA">æ— çº¿ç”µå‘报机</a>。其频率分别为20.005å’Œ40.002兆赫（波长分别为15å’Œ7.5公尺左å³ï¼‰ã€‚ä¿¡å·é‡‡ç”¨ç”µæŠ¥è®¯å·çš„å½¢å¼ï¼Œæ¯ä¸ªä¿¡å·æŒç»æ—¶é—´çº¦0.3秒。间æ‡æ—¶é—´ä¸Žæ¤ç›¸åŒã€‚è‹è”ç¬¬ä¸€é¢—äººé€ åœ°çƒå«æ˜Ÿçš„å‘å°„æˆåŠŸï¼Œæ开了人类å‘<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA">太空</a>进军的åºå¹•ï¼Œå¤§å¤§æ¿€å‘了世界å„å›½ç ”åˆ¶å’Œå‘å°„å«æ˜Ÿçš„çƒæƒ…。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>美国</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">美国于1958å¹´1月31æ—¥æˆåŠŸåœ°å‘射了第一颗“<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%8E%A2%E9%99%A9%E8%80%85">探险者</a>â€-1å·äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿã€‚该å«æ˜Ÿé‡8.22åƒå…‹ï¼Œé”¥é¡¶åœ†æŸ±å½¢ï¼Œé«˜203.2厘米，直径15.2厘米，沿<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%BF%91%E5%9C%B0%E7%82%B9">近地点</a>360.4公里ã€è¿œåœ°ç‚¹2531公里的<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%A4%AD%E5%9C%86%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93">æ¤åœ†è½¨é“</a>绕地çƒè¿è¡Œï¼Œè½¨é“倾角33.34°，è¿è¡Œå‘¨æœŸ114.8分钟。å‘射“探险者’-1å·çš„è¿è½½ç«ç®æ˜¯â€œä¸˜è¾Ÿç‰¹â€â„ƒå››çº§è¿è½½ç«ç®ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>法国</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">法国于1965å¹´11月26æ—¥æˆåŠŸåœ°å‘射了第一颗“试验å«æ˜Ÿâ€-1（A-l）å·äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿã€‚该行星é‡çº¦42åƒå…‹ï¼Œè¿è¡Œå‘¨æœŸ108.61分钟，近地点526.24公里ã€è¿œåœ°ç‚¹1808.85公里的æ¤åœ†è½¨é“è¿è¡Œï¼Œè½¨é“倾角34.24°。å‘å°„A-1å«æ˜Ÿçš„è¿è½½ç«ç®ä¸ºâ€œé’»çŸ³â€tAå·ä¸‰çº§ç«ç®ï¼Œå…¶å…¨é•¿18.7米，直径1.4米，起飞é‡é‡çº¦18å¨ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>日本</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">日本于1970å¹´2月11æ—¥æˆåŠŸåœ°å‘å°„äº†ç¬¬ä¸€é¢—äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿâ€œå¤§éš…â€å·ã€‚该星é‡çº¦9.4公斤，轨é“倾角31.07°，近地点339公里，远地点5138公里，è¿è¡Œå‘¨æœŸ144.2分钟。å‘射“大隅â€å·å«æ˜Ÿçš„è¿è½½ç«ç®ä¸ºâ€œ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%85%B0%E8%BE%BE">å…°è¾¾</a>â€-45四级固体ç«ç®ï¼Œç«ç®å…¨é•¿16.5米，直径0.74米，起飞é‡é‡9.4å¨ã€‚第一级由主å‘动机和两个助推器组æˆï¼ŒæŽ¨åŠ›åˆ†åˆ«ä¸º37å¨å’Œ26å¨ï¼›ç¬¬äºŒçº§æŽ¨åŠ›ä¸º11.8å¨ï¼›ç¬¬ä¸‰ã€å››çº§æŽ¨åŠ›åˆ†åˆ«ä¸º6.5å¨å’Œ1å¨ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>ä¸å›½</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">1970å¹´4月24日，我国自行设计ã€åˆ¶é€ çš„ç¬¬ä¸€é¢—äººé€ åœ°çƒå«æ˜Ÿâ€œ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9%E7%BA%A2">东方红</a>â€1å·ç”±â€œ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%95%BF%E5%BE%81%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%B7">é•¿å¾ä¸€å·</a>â€è¿è½½ç«ç®ä¸€æ¬¡å‘å°„æˆåŠŸã€‚该å«æ˜Ÿç›´å¾„约1米，é‡çº¦173åƒå…‹ï¼Œè¿è¡Œè½¨é“è·åœ°çƒæœ€è¿‘点439公里，最远点2384公里，轨é“å¹³é¢å’Œåœ°çƒèµ¤é“å¹³é¢çš„夹角<div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:140px; float: right;">
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å«æ˜Ÿ
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</div>68.5度，绕地çƒä¸€å‘¨ï¼ˆè¿è¡Œå‘¨æœŸï¼‰114分钟。å«æ˜Ÿç”¨20009兆周的频率，æ’é€ã€Šä¸œæ–¹çº¢ã€‹ä¹æ›²ã€‚å‘射“东方红â€1å·å«æ˜Ÿçš„远载ç«ç®ä¸ºâ€œé•¿å¾â€1å·ä¸‰çº§è¿è½½ç«ç®ï¼Œç«ç®å…¨é•¿29，45米，直径2.25米，起飞é‡é‡81.6å¨ï¼Œå‘射推力112å¨ã€‚“东方红â€1å·çš„å‘射，实现了<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%AF%9B%E6%B3%BD%E4%B8%9C">毛泽东</a>æ出的<b>“我们也è¦æž</b><a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿ</a>â€çš„å·å¬ã€‚它是ä¸å›½çš„科å¦ä¹‹æ˜Ÿï¼Œæ˜¯ä¸å›½å·¥äººé˜¶çº§ã€è§£æ”¾å†›ã€çŸ¥è¯†åˆ†åå…±åŒä¸ºç¥–国åšå‡ºçš„æ°å‡ºè´¡çŒ®ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>英国</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">英国于1971å¹´10月28æ—¥æˆåŠŸåœ°å‘å°„äº†ç¬¬ä¸€é¢—äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿâ€œ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%99%AE%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%B8%95%E7%BD%97">普罗斯帕罗</a>â€å·ï¼Œè¯¥å«æ˜Ÿé‡çº¦66åƒå…‹ï¼Œè½¨é“倾角82.1 °，近地点537公里，远地点1482公里，è¿è¡Œå‘¨æœŸ105.6分钟。å‘射地点ä½äºŽæ¾³å¤§åˆ©äºšçš„æ¦é»˜æ‹‰ï¼ˆWoomera）ç«ç®å‘射场，è¿è½½ç«ç®ä¸ºè‹±å›½çš„黑ç®è¿è½½ç«ç®.主è¦ä»»åŠ¡æ˜¯è¯•éªŒå„ç§æŠ€æœ¯æ–°å‘明，例如试验一ç§æ–°çš„é¥æµ‹ç³»ç»Ÿå’Œå¤ªé˜³èƒ½ç”µæ± 组。它还æºå¸¦å¾®<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%B5%81%E6%98%9F">æµæ˜Ÿ</a>探测器，用以测é‡åœ°çƒä¸Šå±‚大气ä¸è¿™ç§<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E5%B0%98">宇宙尘</a>高速粒å的密度。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>其他</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">é™¤ä¸Šè¿°å›½å®¶å¤–ï¼ŒåŠ æ‹¿å¤§ã€æ„大利ã€æ¾³å¤§åˆ©äºšã€å¾·å›½ã€è·å…°ã€è¥¿ç牙ã€å°åº¦å’Œå°åº¦å°¼è¥¿äºšç‰ä¹Ÿåœ¨å‡†å¤‡è‡ªè¡Œå‘射或已ç»å§”托别国å‘å°„äº†äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿã€‚</div><div class="anchor-list">
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<a name="ä¸å›½äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿ" class="lemma-anchor " ></a>
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<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">å«æ˜Ÿ</span>ä¸å›½äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿ</h2>
<a class="edit-icon j-edit-link" data-edit-dl="9" href="javascript:;"><em class="cmn-icon wiki-lemma-icons wiki-lemma-icons_edit-lemma"></em>编辑</a>
</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>鑫诺二å·å«æ˜Ÿ</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">鑫诺二å·å«æ˜Ÿçš„主è¦æœåŠ¡å¯¹è±¡æ˜¯æˆ‘国大陆ã€æ¸¯æ¾³å°åœ°åŒºçš„通信广æ’用户。该å«æ˜Ÿä½¿ç”¨æˆ‘国æ£åœ¨ç ”制的新一代大型<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%9D%99%E6%AD%A2%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">é™æ¢è½¨é“å«æ˜Ÿ</a>公用平å°ï¼Œå³ä¸œæ–¹çº¢å››å·<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0">å«æ˜Ÿå¹³å°</a>，装载22è·¯Ku频段大功率转å‘器，å«æ˜Ÿå¯¿å‘½æœ«æœŸè¾“出功率10500W，å‘å°„é‡é‡5100kg（东方红三å·å«æ˜Ÿä¸ºä¸ç‰å®¹é‡é€šä¿¡å«æ˜Ÿï¼Œå¯è£…载有效载è·200公斤，整星功率1800瓦，å¯è£…è½½24è·¯ä¸æ ¡åŠŸçŽ‡è½¬å‘器），设计寿命15年，使用长å¾ä¸‰å·ä¹™ï¼ˆCZ-3B）è¿è½½ç«ç®ç”±<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%A5%BF%E6%98%8C%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%8F%91%E5%B0%84%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83">西昌å«æ˜Ÿå‘å°„ä¸å¿ƒ</a>å‘å°„ï¼Œæ•´æ˜ŸæŒ‡æ ‡å’Œèƒ½åŠ›è¾¾åˆ°å›½é™…å…ˆè¿›æ°´å¹³ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">该平å°ç”±ç”µæºã€æµ‹æŽ§ã€æ•°æ®ç®¡ç†ã€å§¿æ€å’Œè½¨é“控制ã€æŽ¨è¿›ã€ç»“构与机构ã€çƒæŽ§ç‰åˆ†<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%BB%84%E6%88%90">系统组æˆ</a>，全三轴稳定控制方å¼ã€‚该平å°è¾“出总功率为8000-10000瓦，并具有扩展至10000瓦以上的能力，能为有效载è·æ供功率约6000-8000瓦。该平å°å¯æ‰¿è½½æœ‰æ•ˆè½½è·é‡é‡600-800公斤，整星最大å‘å°„é‡é‡å¯è¾¾5200公斤，å¯é‡‡ç”¨é•¿å¾ä¸‰å·ä¹™ã€<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C">阿里</a>安和<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%90">è´¨å</a>å·ç‰è¿è½½ç«ç®å‘射。该平å°è®¾è®¡å¯¿å‘½15年。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>北斗导航å«æ˜Ÿ</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">“北斗导航试验å«æ˜Ÿâ€ï¼ˆBeidou）由CASTç ”åˆ¶ï¼Œå¹¶å°†è‡ªè¡Œå»ºç«‹ç¬¬ä¸€ä»£<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%AF%BC%E8%88%AA">å«æ˜Ÿå¯¼èˆª</a>定ä½ç³»ç»Ÿâ€”—“<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8C%97%E6%96%97%E5%AF%BC%E8%88%AA%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F">北斗导航系统</a>â€ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">“北斗导航系统â€æ˜¯å…¨å¤©å€™ã€å…¨å¤©æ—¶æä¾›å«æ˜Ÿå¯¼èˆªä¿¡æ¯çš„区域导航系统。这个系统建æˆåŽï¼Œä¸»è¦ä¸ºå…¬è·¯äº¤é€šã€é“è·¯è¿è¾“ã€æµ·ä¸Šä½œä¸šç‰é¢†åŸŸæ供导航æœåŠ¡ï¼Œå¯¹æˆ‘国国民ç»æµŽå»ºè®¾å°†èµ·åˆ°ç§¯æžæŽ¨åŠ¨ä½œç”¨ã€‚“北斗导航试验å«æ˜Ÿ"â€çš„首次å‘å°„æˆåŠŸï¼Œä¸ºâ€œåŒ—斗导航系统â€çš„å»ºè®¾å¥ å®šäº†åŸºç¡€ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">å‘射“北斗导航试验å«æ˜Ÿâ€é‡‡ç”¨çš„是“长å¾ä¸‰å·ç”²â€ è¿è½½ç«ç®ã€‚这次å‘射是我国<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%95%BF%E5%BE%81%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E8%BF%90%E8%BD%BD%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD">é•¿å¾ç³»åˆ—è¿è½½ç«ç®</a>第63次飞行。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>ä¸æ˜Ÿ22å·</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">“ä¸æ˜Ÿ22å·â€ä¸ºå®žç”¨åž‹åœ°çƒåŒæ¥é€šä¿¡å«æ˜Ÿï¼Œæ˜¯â€œ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9%E7%BA%A2%E4%B8%89%E5%8F%B7">东方红三å·</a>â€çš„åŽç»æ˜Ÿã€‚å«æ˜Ÿè´¨é‡ä¸º2．3å¨ï¼Œè®¾è®¡ä½¿ç”¨å¯¿å‘½8å¹´ ，主è¦ç”¨äºŽåœ°é¢é€šä¿¡ä¸šåŠ¡ï¼Œç”±ä¸å›½é€šä¿¡<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">广æ’å«æ˜Ÿ</a>å…¬å¸ç»è¥ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">æ®äº†è§£ï¼Œå«æ˜Ÿè¿›å…¥è½¬ç§»è½¨é“åŽï¼Œå°†åœ¨è¥¿å®‰å«æ˜Ÿæµ‹æŽ§ä¸å¿ƒå’Œ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E8%BF%9C%E6%B4%8B%E6%B5%8B%E9%87%8F%E8%88%B9">航天远洋测é‡èˆ¹</a>ç‰æµ‹æŽ§ç½‘的跟踪控制下，定点于东ç»98度<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93">赤é“</a>上空。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>风云二å·</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%A3%8E%E4%BA%91%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%B7%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">风云二å·å«æ˜Ÿ</a>（FY-2）是一个直径2.1m，高1.6m的圆柱体，包括天线在内å«æ˜Ÿæ€»é«˜åº¦ä¸º3.1m，é‡çº¦600kg，<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%A7%BF%E6%80%81">å«æ˜Ÿå§¿æ€</a>为自旋稳定，自旋转速为100±1转/分钟，<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%AF%BF%E5%91%BD">å«æ˜Ÿè®¾è®¡å¯¿å‘½</a>为3年。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">å«æ˜Ÿè£…有多通é“扫æè¾å°„计和云图转å‘ç‰æœ‰æ•ˆè½½è·ï¼Œå¯èŽ·å–有关<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%81%E5%85%89%E4%BA%91%E5%9B%BE">å¯è§å…‰äº‘图</a>ã€æ˜¼å¤œçº¢å¤–和水汽云图；æ’å‘展宽数å—图åƒã€ä½Žåˆ†è¾¨çŽ‡äº‘图和S波段天气图：获å–气象ã€æµ·æ´‹ã€æ°´æ–‡æ•°æ®æ”¶é›†å¹³å°çš„观测数æ®ï¼›æ”¶é›†<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4">空间</a>环境监测数æ®ã€‚å«æ˜Ÿå·¥ä½œäºŽä¸œç»105°E赤é“上空，ä½ç½®ä¿æŒç²¾åº¦ä¸ºä¸œè¥¿Â±0.5°ã€å—北±1°。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%A3%8E%E4%BA%91%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%B7">风云二å·</a>å«æ˜Ÿç”±CAST和上海航天局共åŒç ”制生产的，CAST承担å«æ˜ŸæŽ§åˆ¶ã€æŽ¨è¿›ã€è½¬å‘ã€å¤©çº¿ã€æµ‹æŽ§åŠéƒ¨åˆ†ç»“æž„ç‰åˆ†ç³»ç»Ÿ1997å¹´6月10æ—¥20时，风云二å·å«æ˜Ÿç”¨é•¿å¾ä¸‰å·è¿è½½ç«ç®å‘å°„å‡ç©ºï¼Œåœ¨å«æ˜Ÿåœ°é¢æµ‹æŽ§ç«™ã€è¿œæœ›äºŒå·æµ‹é‡èˆ¹çš„测控管ç†ä¸‹ï¼Œå«æ˜Ÿå®Œæˆäº†æ˜Ÿç®åˆ†ç¦»ã€å«æ˜Ÿèµ·æ—‹ã€è¿œåœ°ç‚¹è°ƒå§¿ã€<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%BF%9C%E5%9C%B0%E7%82%B9%E5%8F%91%E5%8A%A8%E6%9C%BA">远地点å‘动机</a>点ç«ã€äºŒæ¬¡è§£é”分离ã€å‡†é™æ¢è½¨é“漂移ç‰å·¥ä½œï¼Œå«æ˜ŸäºŽ6月17日定点æˆåŠŸã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">风云二å·å«æ˜Ÿç»§æ‰¿ä¸œæ–¹çº¢äºŒå·ç”²å«æ˜Ÿè‡ªæ—‹ç¨³å®šæ¨¡å¼åŸºç¡€ä¸Šï¼Œé‡‡ç”¨äº†å¤šé€šé“扫æè¾å°„计ã€ä¸‰é€šé“å¾®æ³¢ä¼ è¾“ã€<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%AB%A0%E5%8A%A8">ç« åŠ¨</a>控制ç‰ä¸€äº›æ–°æŠ€æœ¯ã€‚å«æ˜Ÿä¸»è¦æ€§èƒ½æŒ‡æ ‡è¾¾åˆ°äº†å›½é™…90年代åˆæœŸåŒç±»<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%9D%99%E6%AD%A2%E6%B0%94%E8%B1%A1%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">é™æ¢æ°”象å«æ˜Ÿ</a>的水平。<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%A3%8E%E4%BA%91%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%B7%E6%B0%94%E8%B1%A1%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">风云二å·æ°”象å«æ˜Ÿ</a>是空间技术ã€é¥æ„ŸæŠ€æœ¯ã€é€šä¿¡æŠ€æœ¯å’Œè®¡ç®—机技术ç‰é«˜æŠ€æœ¯ç›¸ç»“åˆçš„产物，它定å‘覆盖ã€è¿žç»é¥æ„Ÿåœ°çƒè¡¨é¢ä¸Žå¤§æ°”分布，具有实时性强ã€<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E5%88%86%E8%BE%A8%E7%8E%87">时间分辨率</a>高ã€å®¢è§‚性和生动性ç‰ä¼˜ç‚¹ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>风云一å·</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%A3%8E%E4%BA%91%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%B7">风云一å·</a>(FY-1)是ä¸å›½çš„<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9E%81%E8%BD%A8%E6%B0%94%E8%B1%A1%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">æžè½¨æ°”象å«æ˜Ÿ</a>系列，共å‘射了3颗，å³FY-1A，1B，1C。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">FY-1A，1B分别于1988å¹´9月和1990å¹´9月å‘射，是试验型气象å«æ˜Ÿã€‚这两颗å«æ˜Ÿä¸Šè£…载的<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%81%A5%E6%84%9F%E5%99%A8">é¥æ„Ÿå™¨</a>æˆåƒæ€§èƒ½è‰¯å¥½ï¼ŒèŽ·å–的试验数æ®å’Œè¿è¡Œç»éªŒä¸ºåŽç»å«æ˜Ÿçš„ç ”åˆ¶å’Œç®¡ç†æ供了有æ„义的数æ®ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">FY-1C于1999å¹´5月10æ—¥å‘射，è¿è¡ŒäºŽ901åƒç±³çš„太阳åŒæ¥æžè½¨é“，å«æ˜Ÿè®¾è®¡å¯¿å‘½3年。å«æ˜Ÿçš„主è¦é¥æ„Ÿå™¨æ˜¯ç”šé«˜åˆ†è¾¨çŽ‡å¯è§å…‰-红外扫æ仪，通é“æ•°ç”±FY-1A/Bçš„5ä¸ªå¢žåŠ åˆ°10个，分辨率为1100米。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">å«æ˜ŸèŽ·å–çš„<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%81%A5%E6%84%9F">é¥æ„Ÿ</a>æ•°æ®ä¸»è¦ç”¨äºŽ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B0%94%E9%A2%84%E6%8A%A5">天气预报</a>å’Œæ¤è¢«ã€å†°é›ªè¦†ç›–ã€æ´ªæ°´ã€æ£®æž—ç«ç¾ç‰çŽ¯å¢ƒç›‘测．</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>东方红一å·</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">1970å¹´4月24æ—¥21æ—¶35分，<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9%E7%BA%A2%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%B7%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">东方红一å·å«æ˜Ÿ</a>（DFH-1)在甘肃酒泉东风é¶åœºä¸€ä¸¾æˆåŠŸï¼Œç”±æ¤å¼€åˆ›äº†ä¸å›½èˆªå¤©å²çš„新纪元，使ä¸å›½æˆä¸ºç»§è‹ã€ç¾Žã€æ³•ã€æ—¥ä¹‹åŽä¸–ç•Œä¸Šç¬¬äº”ä¸ªç‹¬ç«‹ç ”åˆ¶å¹¶å‘å°„<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">äººé€ åœ°çƒå«æ˜Ÿ</a>的国家。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">å«æ˜Ÿé‡‡ç”¨è‡ªæ—‹ç¨³å®šæ–¹å¼ã€‚电åä¹éŸ³å‘ç”Ÿå™¨æ˜¯å…¨æ˜Ÿçš„æ ¸å¿ƒéƒ¨åˆ†ï¼Œå®ƒé€šè¿‡20MHzçŸæ³¢å‘射系统åå¤å‘地é¢æ’é€â€œä¸œæ–¹çº¢â€ä¹æ›²çš„å‰å…«å°èŠ‚。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>东方红二å·</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9%E7%BA%A2%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%B7">东方红二å·</a>（DFH-2）于1984å¹´4月8日首次å‘å°„æˆåŠŸã€‚å…±ç ”åˆ¶å’Œå‘å°„3颗<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9%E7%BA%A2%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%B7%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">东方红二å·å«æ˜Ÿ</a>，从1970å¹´å¼€å§‹ç ”åˆ¶åˆ°æ¯ä¸‰é¢—星å‘射，ç»åŽ†äº†è¿‘16年。“东方红二å·â€çš„å‘å°„æˆåŠŸï¼Œå¼€å§‹äº†ç”¨æˆ‘国自己的通信å«æ˜Ÿè¿›è¡Œ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1">å«æ˜Ÿé€šä¿¡</a>的历å²ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>东方红二å·ç”²</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9%E7%BA%A2%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%B7%E7%94%B2">东方红二å·ç”²</a>是东方红二å·å«æ˜Ÿçš„æ”¹åž‹æ˜Ÿï¼Œå…¶é¢„ç ”å·¥ä½œå¼€å§‹å¼€1980年。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">第一颗东方红二å·ç”²å«æ˜ŸäºŽ1988å¹´3月7æ—¥å‘å°„æˆåŠŸï¼Œä¸ä¹…相继æˆåŠŸå‘射了第二颗和第三颗星，它们分别定点于东ç»87.5°ã€110.5°ã€98°；第四颗星由于è¿è½½ç«ç®ç¬¬ä¸‰çº§æ•…障而未能进入预定轨é“。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">å‡ å¹´æ¥ï¼Œ3颗å«æ˜Ÿå·¥ä½œæƒ…å†µè‰¯å¥½ï¼Œè¾¾åˆ°äº†è®¾è®¡ä½¿ç”¨æŒ‡æ ‡ï¼Œåœ¨æˆ‘å›½ç”µè§†ä¼ è¾“ã€å«æ˜Ÿé€šä¿¡åŠå¯¹å¤–广æ’ä¸å‘挥了巨大作用。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>东方红三å·å«æ˜Ÿ</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9%E7%BA%A2%E4%B8%89%E5%8F%B7%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">东方红三å·å«æ˜Ÿ</a>（DFH-3）是ä¸å›½æ–°ä¸€ä»£é€šä¿¡å«æ˜Ÿï¼Œä¸»è¦ç”¨äºŽç”µè§†ä¼ 输ã€ç”µè¯ã€ç”µæŠ¥ã€ä¼ 真ã€å¹¿æ’和数æ®ä¼ 输ç‰ä¸šåŠ¡ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">星上有24è·¯C频段转å‘器，其ä¸6路为ä¸åŠŸçŽ‡è½¬å‘器；其它18路为低功率转å‘器。æœåŠ¡åŒºåŸŸåŒ…括：ä¸å›½å¤§é™†ã€æµ·å—ã€å°æ¹¾åŠè¿‘海岛屿。ä¸åŠŸçŽ‡é€šé“çš„EIRP≥37dbW，低功率通é“çš„EIRP≥33.5dbW。在地影期间，全部转å‘器工作。å«æ˜Ÿå¯¿å‘½æœ«æœŸè¾“出功率≥1700W：å«æ˜Ÿå…许的有效载è·è´¨é‡è¾¾170kg。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">å«æ˜Ÿå·¥ä½œäºŽ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E9%9D%99%E6%AD%A2%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93">地çƒé™æ¢è½¨é“</a>，ä½ç½®ä¿æŒç²¾åº¦ï¼Œä¸œè¥¿å’Œå—北å‡ä¸ºÂ±0.1°；天线指å‘误差为：俯仰和滚动å‡ä¸ºÂ±0.15°，å航为±O.5°。å«æ˜Ÿå·¥ä½œå¯¿å‘½8年，寿命末期å•æ˜Ÿå¯é 度为0.66。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">å«æ˜Ÿå¯ä¸Žå¤šç§è¿è½½ç«ç®ç›¸æŽ¥å£ï¼ˆZC-3Aã€ARIANEï¼4ç‰ï¼‰ï¼Œå«æ˜Ÿå¹³å°é‡‡ç”¨åœ°çƒé™æ¢è½¨é“å«æ˜Ÿçš„公用平å°ï¼ˆåŸºæœ¬åž‹ï¼‰ï¼Œå¯ä½œä¸ºä¸åž‹çš„多ç§åº”用目的。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">东方红三å·å«æ˜Ÿå…·æœ‰å›½é™…åŒç±»å«æ˜Ÿï¼ˆä¸åž‹å®¹é‡ï¼‰çš„先进水平。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>实践一å·å«æ˜Ÿ</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%B7%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">实践一å·å«æ˜Ÿ</a>（SJ-1）是科å¦æŽ¢æµ‹å’Œ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%95%E9%AA%8C%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">技术试验å«æ˜Ÿ</a>。于1977å¹´3月3æ—¥å‘射入轨，1979å¹´5月11æ—¥<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93">å«æ˜Ÿè½¨é“</a>寿命结æŸ,星上长期工作的é¥æµ‹ç³»ç»Ÿä¸€ç›´æ¸…晰地å‘地é¢å‘回é¥æµ‹ä¿¡æ¯ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">实践一å·æ˜¯ä¸€é¢—自旋稳定的å«æ˜Ÿï¼Œåªç»åŽ†ä¸åˆ°10个月的时间就æˆåŠŸå‘å°„å‡ç©ºã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>资æºä¸€å·å«æ˜Ÿ</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%B7%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">资æºä¸€å·å«æ˜Ÿ</a>(ZY-1)是<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">地çƒèµ„æºå«æ˜Ÿ</a>ï¼Œæ˜¯æˆ‘å›½ç¬¬ä¸€ä»£ä¼ è¾“åž‹åœ°çƒèµ„æºå«æ˜Ÿã€‚1988å¹´ä¸å›½å’Œå·´è¥¿ä¸¤å›½æ”¿åºœè”åˆç¾å®šè®®å®šä¹¦ï¼Œå†³å®šåœ¨<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%B7">资æºä¸€å·</a>å«æ˜Ÿçš„基础上，由ä¸å·´åŒæ–¹å…±åŒæŠ•èµ„，è”åˆç ”制ä¸å·´åœ°çƒèµ„æºå«æ˜Ÿ(简称CBERS)。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">资æºä¸€å·ä¸»è¦ç”¨æ¥ç›‘测国土资æºå˜åŒ–；估计森林蓄积é‡ï¼Œå†œä½œç‰©é•¿åŠ¿ï¼Œå¿«é€ŸæŸ¥æ¸…æ´ªæ¶ã€åœ°éœ‡çš„估计æŸå¤±ï¼Œæ出对ç–；对沿海ç»æµŽå¼€å‘，滩涂利用，水产养殖，<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93">环境污染</a>ç‰æ供动æ€æƒ…报；åŒæ—¶å‹˜æŽ¢åœ°ä¸‹èµ„æºï¼Œä½¿ä¹‹åˆç†å¼€å‘ã€ä½¿ç”¨ç‰ã€‚资æºä¸€å·å«æ˜Ÿé‡1450公斤，寿命两年。è¿è¡Œè½¨é“为<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93">太阳åŒæ¥è½¨é“</a>，轨é“高778公里ã€å€¾è§’98.5度，轨é“周期100.26分钟，回归周期26天，<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%99%8D%E4%BA%A4%E7%82%B9">é™äº¤ç‚¹</a>地方时11:20。å«æ˜Ÿä¸ºé•¿æ–¹ä½“，å•ç¿¼å¤ªé˜³å¸†æ¿ã€‚å«æ˜Ÿé‡‡ç”¨ä¸‰è½´ç¨³å®šçš„姿控方å¼å’ŒS波段åŠè¶…çŸæ³¢æµ‹æŽ§ä½“制。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">资æºä¸€å·å«æ˜Ÿå·²äºŽ1999å¹´10月14日用<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%95%BF%E5%BE%81%E5%9B%9B%E5%8F%B7%E4%B9%99%E8%BF%90%E8%BD%BD%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD">é•¿å¾å››å·ä¹™è¿è½½ç«ç®</a>å‘å°„æˆåŠŸã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>ä¸å·´èµ„æºå«æ˜Ÿ</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%AD%E5%B7%B4%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">ä¸å·´åœ°çƒèµ„æºå«æ˜Ÿ</a>（CBERS）在ä¸å›½èµ„æºä¸€å·åŽŸæ–¹æ¡ˆåŸºç¡€ä¸Šï¼Œç”±ä¸ã€å·´ä¸¤å›½å…±åŒæŠ•èµ„，è”åˆç ”制ä¸å·´åœ°çƒèµ„æºå«æ˜Ÿï¼ˆä»£å·CBERS）。并规定CBERS投入è¿è¡ŒåŽï¼Œç”±ä¸¤å›½å…±åŒä½¿ç”¨ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">资æºä¸€å·å«æ˜Ÿæ˜¯æˆ‘å›½ç¬¬ä¸€ä»£ä¼ è¾“åž‹åœ°çƒèµ„æºå«æ˜Ÿï¼Œæ˜Ÿä¸Šä¸‰ç§é¥æ„Ÿç›¸æœºå¯æ˜¼å¤œè§‚察地çƒï¼Œåˆ©ç”¨é«˜ç é€ŸçŽ‡æ•°ä¼ ç³»ç»Ÿå°†èŽ·å–çš„æ•°æ®ä¼ 输回地çƒåœ°é¢æŽ¥æ”¶ç«™ï¼Œç»åŠ å·¥ã€å¤„ç†æˆå„ç§æ‰€éœ€çš„图片，供å„类用户使用。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">由于其多光谱观察ã€å¯¹åœ°è§‚察范围大ã€æ•°æ®ä¿¡æ¯æ”¶é›†å¿«ï¼Œç‰¹åˆ«æœ‰åˆ©äºŽåŠ¨æ€å’Œå¿«é€Ÿè§‚察地çƒåœ°é¢ä¿¡æ¯ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">由于å«æ˜Ÿè®¾ç½®å¤šå…‰è°±è§‚察ã€å¯¹åœ°è§‚察范围大ã€æ•°æ®ä¿¡æ¯æ”¶é›†å¿«ï¼Œå¹¶å®è§‚ã€ç›´è§‚ï¼Œå› æ¤ï¼Œç‰¹åˆ«æœ‰åˆ©äºŽåŠ¨æ€å’Œå¿«é€Ÿè§‚察地çƒåœ°é¢ä¿¡æ¯ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">该å«æ˜Ÿåœ¨æˆ‘国国民ç»æµŽçš„主è¦ç”¨é€”是；其图åƒäº§å“å¯ç”¨æ¥ç›‘测国土资æºçš„å˜åŒ–，æ¯å¹´æ›´æ–°å…¨å›½åˆ©ç”¨å›¾ï¼›æµ‹é‡è€•åœ°é¢ç§¯ï¼Œä¼°è®¡æ£®æž—蓄积é‡ï¼Œå†œä½œç‰©é•¿åŠ¿ã€äº§é‡å’Œè‰åœºè½½è“„é‡åŠæ¯å¹´å˜åŒ–；监测自然和人为ç¾å®³ï¼›å¿«é€ŸæŸ¥æ¸…æ´ªæ¶ã€åœ°éœ‡ã€æž—ç«å’Œé£Žæ²™ç‰ç ´å情况，估计æŸå¤±ï¼Œæ出对ç–；对沿海ç»æµŽå¼€å‘ã€æ»©æ¶‚利用ã€æ°´äº§å…»æ®–ã€çŽ¯å¢ƒæ±¡æŸ“æ供动æ€æƒ…报；åŒæ—¶å‹˜æŽ¢åœ°ä¸‹èµ„æºã€åœˆå®šé»„金ã€çŸ³æ²¹ã€ç…¤ç‚和建æç‰èµ„æºåŒºï¼Œç›‘ç£èµ„æºçš„åˆç†å¼€å‘。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>嫦娥一å·å«æ˜Ÿ</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">“<b>嫦娥一å·</b>â€ï¼ˆ<b>Chang'E1</b>）是ä¸å›½è‡ªä¸»ç ”制ã€å‘射的第一个<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8">月çƒæŽ¢æµ‹å™¨</a>。<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B">ä¸å›½æœˆçƒæŽ¢æµ‹å·¥ç¨‹</a>嫦娥一å·æœˆçƒæŽ¢æµ‹å«æ˜Ÿç”±<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E9%99%A2">ä¸å›½ç©ºé—´æŠ€æœ¯ç ”究院</a>æ‰¿æ‹…ç ”åˆ¶ï¼Œä»¥ä¸å›½å¤ä»£ç¥žè¯äººç‰©<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5">嫦娥</a>命å，<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5%E5%A5%94%E6%9C%88">嫦娥奔月</a>是一个在ä¸å›½æµä¼ çš„å¤è€çš„<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%A5%9E%E8%AF%9D%E6%95%85%E4%BA%8B">神è¯æ•…事</a>。嫦娥一å·ä¸»è¦ç”¨äºŽèŽ·å–月çƒè¡¨é¢ä¸‰ç»´å½±åƒã€åˆ†æžæœˆçƒè¡¨é¢æœ‰å…³ç‰©è´¨å…ƒç´ 的分布特点ã€æŽ¢æµ‹<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9C%88%E5%A3%A4">月壤</a>厚度ã€æŽ¢æµ‹åœ°æœˆç©ºé—´çŽ¯å¢ƒç‰ã€‚整个“<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A5%94%E6%9C%88">奔月</a>â€è¿‡ç¨‹å¤§æ¦‚需è¦8-9天。嫦娥一å·å°†è¿è¡Œåœ¨è·æœˆçƒè¡¨é¢200åƒç±³çš„圆形æžè½¨é“上。嫦娥一å·å·¥ä½œå¯¿å‘½1年，计划绕月飞行一年。执行任务åŽå°†ä¸å†è¿”回地çƒã€‚嫦娥一å·å‘å°„æˆåŠŸï¼Œä¸å›½æˆä¸ºä¸–界第五个å‘射月çƒæŽ¢æµ‹å™¨çš„国家地区。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>天链一å·å«æ˜Ÿ</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">“天链一å·â€å«æ˜Ÿï¼Œæ˜¯ä¸å›½é¦–次å‘å°„çš„æ•°æ®ä¸ç»§å«æ˜Ÿï¼Œç”±ä¸å›½ç©ºé—´æŠ€æœ¯ç ”ç©¶é™¢ä¸ºä¸»ç ”åˆ¶ï¼Œé‡‡ç”¨æˆç†Ÿçš„“东方红三å·â€é€šç”¨å¹³å°å¹¶çªç ´å¤šé¡¹å…³é”®æŠ€æœ¯ï¼Œå…¶å‘å°„æˆåŠŸå¡«è¡¥äº†ä¸å›½ä¸ç»§å«æ˜Ÿé¢†åŸŸçš„空白。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">其任务是为å«æ˜Ÿã€é£žèˆ¹ç‰èˆªå¤©å™¨æ供数æ®ä¸ç»§å’Œæµ‹æŽ§æœåŠ¡ï¼Œæžå¤§åœ°æ高å„ç±»å«æ˜Ÿä½¿ç”¨æ•ˆç›Šå’Œåº”急能力，能使<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">资æºå«æ˜Ÿ</a>ã€çŽ¯å¢ƒå«æ˜Ÿç‰æ•°æ®å®žæ—¶ä¸‹ä¼ ，为应对é‡å¤§è‡ªç„¶ç¾å®³èµ¢å¾—更多预è¦æ—¶é—´ï¼Œå› æ¤ï¼Œå®ƒè¢«ç§°ä¸ºâ€œå«æ˜Ÿä¸çš„å«æ˜Ÿâ€ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">众所周知，<a target=_blank href="/item/GPS%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F">GPS系统</a>是美国的国防导航å«æ˜Ÿç³»ç»Ÿï¼Œä¹Ÿä¸ºæ°‘用导航。俄罗斯的GLONASS与GPS相似，都是由空间部分ã€åœ°é¢ç›‘控部分和用户接收机部分组æˆï¼Œéƒ½æ˜¯ä½¿ç”¨24颗高度约2万åƒç±³å·¦å³çš„å«æ˜Ÿç»„æˆå«æ˜Ÿæ˜Ÿåº§ã€‚GPS分布在6个轨é“å¹³é¢ä¸Šï¼Œæ¯ä¸ªè½¨é“å¹³é¢4颗，GLONASS分布在3个轨é“å¹³é¢ä¸Šï¼Œæ¯ä¸ªè½¨é“å¹³é¢æœ‰8颗å«æ˜Ÿã€‚å«æ˜Ÿçš„分布使得在全çƒçš„任何地方ã€ä»»ä½•æ—¶é—´éƒ½å¯è§‚测到4颗以上的å«æ˜Ÿï¼Œç”±æ¤èŽ·å¾—高精度的三维定ä½æ•°æ®ã€‚这就æ供了在时间上连ç»çš„å…¨çƒå¯¼èˆªèƒ½åŠ›ã€‚GPS<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%AE%9A%E4%BD%8D%E7%B2%BE%E5%BA%A6">定ä½ç²¾åº¦</a>å¯è¾¾15米，测速精度0.1ç±³/秒；GLONASS导航定ä½ç²¾åº¦è¾ƒä½Žï¼Œçº¦ä¸º30—100米，测速精度0.15ç±³/秒。这两个系统都是为全çƒèŒƒå›´å†…的飞机ã€èˆ°èˆ¹ã€å¦å…‹ã€åœ°é¢è½¦è¾†ã€æ¥å…µã€å¯¼å¼¹ä»¥åŠèˆªå¤©é£žæœºç‰æ供全天候ã€è¿žç»ã€å®žæ—¶ã€é«˜ç²¾åº¦çš„三维ä½ç½®ã€ä¸‰ç»´é€Ÿåº¦å’Œç²¾ç¡®æ—¶é—´ï¼Œå› æ¤ï¼Œå…·æœ‰æžé«˜çš„军用价值和民用å‰æ™¯ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>风云三å·å«æ˜Ÿ</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">2008å¹´5月27日于山西太原å«æ˜Ÿå‘å°„ä¸å¿ƒå‘å°„å‡ç©ºï¼Œé£Žäº‘三å·æ˜¯æˆ‘国首颗新一代<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%9E%81%E8%BD%A8%E6%B0%94%E8%B1%A1%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">æžè½¨æ°”象å«æ˜Ÿ</a>，装备了å¯ç›‘测<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94">地çƒå¤§æ°”</a>å’Œæ°”å€™çš„ä¸‰ç»´ä¼ æ„Ÿå™¨ï¼Œå¯åœ¨å…¨çƒèŒƒå›´å†…实施全天候预报。风云三å·å®‰è£…有å¯è§å…‰çº¢å¤–扫æè¾å°„仪ã€çº¢å¤–分光计ã€å¾®æ³¢æ¸©åº¦è®¡ã€å¾®æ³¢æˆåƒä»ªç‰10ä½™ç§å…·æœ‰å›½é™…先进水平的探测仪器，探测性能比仅有å¯è§å…‰ä¸€ç§æ‰‹æ®µçš„第一代æžè½¨æ°”象å«<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%98%9F%E9%A3%8E">星风</a>云一å·æœ‰è´¨çš„æ高，å¯åœ¨å…¨çƒèŒƒå›´å†…实施三维ã€å…¨å¤©å€™ã€å¤šå…‰è°±ã€å®šé‡æŽ¢æµ‹ï¼ŒèŽ·å–<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%B0%E8%A1%A8">地表</a>ã€æµ·æ´‹åŠç©ºé—´çŽ¯å¢ƒç‰å‚数，实现ä¸æœŸæ•°å€¼é¢„报。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">风云三å·å®žçŽ°çš„跨越有四个方é¢ï¼š</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">一是从å•ä¸€å…‰å¦è§‚测å‘展到10ä½™ç§å…ˆè¿›ä»ªå™¨çš„综åˆæŽ¢æµ‹ï¼Œä¸ä»…能够获å–云图，还能够通过光谱的层æžï¼ŒæŠŠæ•´ä¸ª<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E5%B1%82">大气层</a>从高到低æ¯ä¸ªé«˜åº¦æ¸©åº¦å˜åŒ–情况ç¹è¡å‡ºæ¥ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">二是解决了云的é®æŒ¡é—®é¢˜ã€‚ä¼ ç»Ÿå…‰å¦æŽ¢æµ‹é‡åˆ°<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BA%91%E5%B1%82">云层</a>时探测效果大打折扣，而风云三å·èƒ½å¤Ÿå¯¹äº‘的内部和云下的地é¢æœ‰æ¸…晰准确把æ¡ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">三是分辨率和çµæ•åº¦ä¸Šçš„çªç ´ã€‚风云三å·ä¸€å¸§æ‰«æ的幅宽高达数åƒå…¬é‡Œï¼Œè€Œåœ¨è¿™æ ·ä¸€å¹…巨大的照片上，地é¢åˆ†è¾¨çŽ‡è¾¾åˆ°ç™¾ç±³é‡çº§ã€‚星上仪器最高探测çµæ•åº¦è¾¾åˆ°0.1K，这æ„味ç€åœ¨è·åœ°é¢807公里高空的å«æ˜Ÿï¼Œå¯¹<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9C%B0%E8%A1%A8%E6%B8%A9%E5%BA%A6">地表温度</a>0.1℃的微å°å˜åŒ–都å¯ä»¥å‡†ç¡®æ„Ÿè§‰åˆ°ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">四是使å«æ˜Ÿæ•°æ®ä¼ 输的实时性大大æ高。å«æ˜Ÿæ¯101分钟绕地çƒé£žè¡Œä¸€åœˆï¼Œæ¯åœˆéƒ½ç»è¿‡<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%A4%E6%9E%81">两æž</a>。通过在北æžé™„è¿‘å‘<a target=_blank href="/item/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8">ç‘žå…¸</a>租用的地é¢ç«™ï¼Œå¯ä½¿å«æ˜Ÿè‡³å°‘æ¯101分钟就å‘地é¢ä¼ 回一次数æ®ï¼Œæ•°æ®ä¼ 输的实时性大大æ高。</div><div class="anchor-list">
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<div class="para" label-module="para">废旧å«æ˜Ÿä¸€èˆ¬æŒ‡ç‡ƒæ–™ç”¨å°½çš„å«æ˜Ÿï¼Œè¿™æ ·çš„å«æ˜Ÿå°†ä¸å—人为控制。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">一般在燃料用尽之有åšä»¥ä¸‹å¤„ç†ï¼š</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><div class="lemma-picture text-pic layout-right" style="width:220px; float: right;">
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href="/pic/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F/21511/0/91ae68c6d5a1cb749d163d9a?fr=lemma&ct=single" target="_blank"
title="美国用æ¥æŽ¢æµ‹è‡æ°§çš„废旧å«æ˜ŸUARS" style="width:220px;height:140px;">
<img class="lazy-img" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAMAAAAoyzS7AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAAZQTFRF9fX1AAAA0VQI3QAAAAxJREFUeNpiYAAIMAAAAgABT21Z4QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" data-src="https://gss2.bdstatic.com/9fo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D220/sign=cc476e0cf6246b607f0eb576dbf91a35/77094b36acaf2eddd18279b68d1001e939019379.jpg" alt="美国用æ¥æŽ¢æµ‹è‡æ°§çš„废旧å«æ˜ŸUARS" style="width:220px;height:140px;"/>
</a>
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美国用æ¥æŽ¢æµ‹è‡æ°§çš„废旧å«æ˜ŸUARS
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</div>1.æˆä¸ºå¤ªç©ºåžƒåœ¾ï¼Œè‡ªç”±é£žè¡Œ</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">2.人为引导到安全轨é“</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">3.人为引导è½å…¥å¤ªå¹³æ´‹(å«æ˜ŸåŸå¢“)</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">4.自由下è½</div><div class="anchor-list">
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<h2 class="title-text"><span class="title-prefix">å«æ˜Ÿ</span>太空垃圾å±å®³</h2>
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</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">众所周知，地çƒçš„大气和海洋æ£å› å †ç§¯å¦‚å±±çš„<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9E%83%E5%9C%BE">垃圾</a>而éå—严é‡æ±¡æŸ“。而<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%B1%80">欧洲航天局</a>地é¢æŽ§åˆ¶ä¸å¿ƒå…¬å¸ƒçš„电脑模拟图åƒæ˜¾ç¤ºï¼Œâ€œ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E5%9E%83%E5%9C%BE">太空垃圾</a>â€å·²ç»è®©åœ°çƒä¸Šç©ºæˆäº†ä¸€ä¸ªåžƒåœ¾åœºã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">50年将太空å˜æˆåžƒåœ¾åœº</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">按照ç«ç®ç§‘å¦å®¶ä¸“业的说法，它们被称为“轨é“碎片â€ï¼Œä¸è¿‡ä¸€èˆ¬äººéƒ½å°†å…¶ç§°ä¸ºâ€œå¤ªç©ºåžƒåœ¾â€ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">如今，太空垃圾日益æˆä¸ºäººç±»é¢ä¸´çš„一个难题。我们51å¹´å‰å°†ç¬¬ä¸€ä¸ª<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%99%A8%E5%8F%91%E5%B0%84">航天器å‘å°„</a>到太空———è‹è”第一颗<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F">äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿ</a>。åŠä¸ªä¸–纪过去了，我们已ç»å°†å¤ªç©ºå˜æˆäº†ä¸€ä¸ªåžƒåœ¾åœºï¼Œé‡Œé¢å……æ–¥ç€æ— 数的碎片。在这里，数百颗å«æ˜Ÿã€ä¸€ä¸ª<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E7%AB%99">国际空间站</a>ã€ä¸€ä¸ªå¤ªç©ºæœ›è¿œé•œã€å¤§é‡è¡Œæ˜Ÿé—´æŽ¢æµ‹å™¨æ£åœ¨è¿è¡Œã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">航天器会掉è½å¤§æ°”层化为ç°çƒ¬ï¼Œä½†è¿™ä¸€è¿‡ç¨‹é€šå¸¸éœ€è¦å‡ 个月时间。还有数百万太空碎片在è·åœ°é¢2万英里的地çƒé™æ¢è½¨é“周围徘徊，始终ä¸æ•£åŽ»ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">æž„æˆè¿™äº›ç¢Žç‰‡çš„包括废弃的航天器和报废å«æ˜Ÿï¼Œç«ç®å¤–包装，碰撞和对接期间产生的金属片，螺æ¯å’Œèžºæ “，ä¸æ…Žä¸¢å¼ƒçš„工具，以åŠä»Žè½½äººé£žèˆ¹ä¸Šæ‰”下的宇航员排泄物。俄罗斯“和平â€å·ç©ºé—´ç«™è™½ä¸ºäººç±»å¤ªç©ºæŽ¢ç´¢ä½œå‡ºè¿‡é‡å¤§è´¡çŒ®ï¼Œä½†ä¹Ÿåœ¨è¿è¡Œè¿‡ç¨‹ä¸äº§ç”Ÿäº†200多包垃圾。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">1994年，“<a target=_blank href="/item/%E9%A3%9E%E9%A9%AC%E5%BA%A7">飞马座</a>â€æ— 人ç«ç®çˆ†ç‚¸ï¼Œçž¬é—´åŒ–为30万件直径超过八分之一英寸的碎片。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>“å‘生惨剧åªæ˜¯æ—¶é—´é—®é¢˜â€</b></div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">如今，美宇航局和其他机构é€æ¸åœ°å°†éƒ¨åˆ†å¤ªç©ºåžƒåœ¾ç¼–æˆç›®å½•ã€‚太空垃圾之所以å—到如æ¤é‡è§†ï¼Œæ˜¯å› 为它们严é‡å¨èƒç€å®‡èˆªå‘˜å’Œ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%99%A8">航天器</a>安全。一å°å—涂料在太空的飞行速度能达到时速数万英里，一旦撞到国际空间站上，它们能轻而易举在空间站外壳留下凹痕，甚至能撞裂玻璃。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">幸è¿çš„是，现代航天器装备有防护å±ï¼Œèƒ½å¤Ÿä½¿ç›´å¾„达到åŠè‹±å¯¸çš„物体撞击方å‘å‘生å转。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">æ¤å¤–ï¼Œå¤ªç©ºæ— æ¯”æµ©ç€šï¼Œè¿™äº›<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E5%9E%83%E5%9C%BE">太空垃圾</a>之间的空间很大，撞击的å¯èƒ½æ€§å¾®ä¹Žå…¶å¾®ã€‚ 但是，专家ä»æŒ‡å‡ºè¿™ç§æƒ¨å‰§çš„å‘生åªæ˜¯æ—¶é—´çš„问题。悲哀的是，清除太空垃圾远比清除地çƒä¸Šçš„垃圾困难得多。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para"><b>第一个被å«æ˜Ÿç¢Žç‰‡ç ¸ä¼¤çš„人</b>《<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%88%87%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF">切尼斯</a>ä¸å›½çºªå½•å¤§å…¨ã€‹è®°è½½ï¼Œä¸å›½ç¬¬ä¸€ä¸ªè¢«å«æ˜Ÿç¢Žç‰‡ç ¸ä¼¤çš„人å«<a target=_blank href="/item/%E5%90%B4%E6%9D%B0">å´æ°</a>。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">ä¸–ç•Œä¹‹å¤§æ— å¥‡ä¸æœ‰ã€‚人被å«æ˜Ÿç¢Žç‰‡ç ¸ä¼¤çš„å‡ çŽ‡æ˜¯äº¿ä¸‡åˆ†ä¹‹ä¸€ï¼Œè¿™ä¹ˆå°çš„å‡ çŽ‡ç«Ÿç„¶å«å´æ°ç¢°ä¸Šäº†ã€‚</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">2002å¹´10月27日上åˆ11时，陕西çœ<a target=_blank href="/item/%E4%B8%B9%E5%87%A4%E5%8E%BF">丹凤县</a>竹æ‘关镇阳河æ‘çš„å´æ°åœ¨é™¢å¤–玩è€ï¼Œä¸å¹¸è¢«ä»Žå¤©è€Œé™çš„å«æ˜Ÿç¢Žç‰‡ç ¸æ˜åœ¨åœ°ï¼Œå°è„šè¶¾éª¨æŠ˜ã€‚æ‘民们也在ä¸åŒåœ°æ–¹è§åˆ°äº†19å—从天上è½ä¸‹çš„é‡‘å±žç¢Žç‰‡ã€‚ç ¸ä¼¤ä»–çš„æ˜¯å«æ˜Ÿå‡å…¥è½¨é“åŽè„±è½çš„金属外壳。</div><div class="anchor-list">
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<div class="para" label-module="para">科å¦å®¶é€šè¿‡ç¾Žå›½å›½å®¶èˆªç©ºèˆªå¤©å±€å®‡å®™é£žèˆ¹ä¼ 回的最新数æ®æ˜¾ç¤ºï¼Œå¤ªé˜³åœ¨çŽ¯ç»•é“¶æ²³ç³»å…¬è½¬çš„速度比原先认为的è¦æ…¢ã€‚å‘现这个现象的宇宙飞船为目å‰æ£åœ¨åœ°çƒè½¨é“上è¿è¡Œçš„星际边界探索者(IBEX)å«æ˜Ÿï¼Œç›‘测到星际粒å进入太阳系边缘的速度，è·ç¦»å¤ªé˜³9亿英里左å³ï¼Œå¤§çº¦ä¸º14.5亿英里<sup class="sup--normal" data-sup="4" data-ctrmap=":4,">
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<div class="para" label-module="para">ç ”ç©¶äººå‘˜å°†æœ€æ–°çš„æ•°æ®å…¥å½•åˆ°è®¡ç®—机模型ä¸ï¼Œæ˜Ÿé™…边界探索者宇宙飞船的科å¦å®¶å›¢é˜Ÿè®¡ç®—出太阳的绕银河系ä¸å¤®çš„è¿è¡Œé€Ÿåº¦ä¸º52万英里æ¯å°æ—¶ï¼Œå¤§çº¦ä¸º83.7万公里æ¯å°æ—¶ï¼Œä¸Žæ¤å‰é¢„计的æ¯å°æ—¶è¿è¡Œé€Ÿåº¦å€¼ä½Žäº†å¤§çº¦7000英里</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">这一å‘现表明我们的太阳系被一层ä¿æŠ¤æ€§è¾¹ç•Œä»Žç¼ºå°‘弓形激波层的宇宙空间环境ä¸åˆ†ç¦»å‡ºæ¥ï¼Œè€Œå¼“形激波层是太阳系风层最é 外的边界层，是太阳系环绕银河系ä¸å¿ƒè¿åŠ¨å¼•èµ·æ˜Ÿé™…介质扰动的现象，在弓形激波层的帮助下，构建了阻æ¢å¤ªé˜³ç³»ä¹‹å¤–的宇宙射线涌入太阳系内的第一é“防线。而太阳也ä¸æ–地å‘å„个方å‘å‘出带电粒å，形æˆäº†èƒ½è¦†ç›–太阳系å„大<a target=_blank href="/item/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F">行星</a>çš„æ—¥çƒå±‚，太阳风还å¯äº§ç”Ÿä¸€ä¸ª<a target=_blank href="/item/%E6%81%92%E6%98%9F">æ’星</a>的压强，以确定太阳系的边界范围。</div>
<div class="para" label-module="para">科å¦å®¶è®¤ä¸ºå¤ªé˜³ç³»åœ¨å›´ç»•é“¶æ²³ç³»å…¬è½¬çš„过程如åŒä¸€è‰˜èˆ¹åœ¨æ°´ä¸å‰è¿›ï¼Œæ‰€è°“的弓形激波层顾åæ€ä¹‰ä¾¿æ˜¯åœ¨å¤ªé˜³é£Žå½¢æˆçš„压强为太阳系“å¹èµ·â€äº†ä¸€å±‚ä¿æŠ¤è†œï¼Œåœ¨æ˜Ÿé™…空间ä¸ç©¿è¡Œæ—¶é€Ÿåº¦æ–¹å‘上形æˆçš„新月形的冲击波，而被称为“太阳系的鼻åâ€çš„部分则ä½äºŽå¤©èŽåº§æ–¹å‘。但是这项å‘现也æ„味ç€å¤ªé˜³ç³»å½“å‰çš„移动速度较为缓慢，æ¥è‡ªæ—¥çƒå±‚的太阳风压力低于æ¤å‰é¢„期的25%ï¼Œå› æ¤ç§‘å¦å®¶è®¤ä¸ºåœ¨å¤ªé˜³ç³»è¿åŠ¨æ–¹å‘çš„å‰ç«¯ä¸è¶³ä»¥å½¢æˆæ–°æœˆå½¢çš„弓形激波。</div>
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<dl class="lemma-reference collapse nslog-area log-set-param" data-nslog-type="2" log-set-param="ext_reference">
<dt class="reference-title">å‚考资料</dt>
<dd class="reference-list-wrap">
<ul class="reference-list">
<li class="reference-item reference-item--type2 " id="reference-[1]-6639018-wrap">
<span class="index">1.</span>
<a class="gotop anchor" name="refIndex_1_6639018" id="refIndex_1_6639018" title="å‘上跳转" href="#ref_[1]_6639018"> </a>
<span>黄定åŽä¸»ç¼–</span><span class="text">．普通地质å¦</span><span>：高ç‰æ•™è‚²å‡ºç‰ˆç¤¾</span><span>，2014å¹´10月</span><span>：16</span></li><li class="reference-item reference-item--type1 " id="reference-[2]-6639018-wrap">
<span class="index">2.</span>
<a class="gotop anchor" name="refIndex_2_6639018" id="refIndex_2_6639018" title="å‘上跳转" href="#ref_[2]_6639018"> </a>
<a rel="nofollow" href="/redirect/c43bWziYLPqcVq5yOeX_bwfu4A4kyUQaq-mCPm95a4UkouiEBN5n3SmpfhGvHkmGi7WukrhEcRoZlY7wOHbZM9mVkmo5yHcdKE7wdcaCpK_ii_MVjw" target="_blank" class="text">ä¸æ˜Ÿä¹å·â€ç›´æ’å«æ˜Ÿå‘å°„æˆåŠŸ <span class="linkout"> </span></a>
<span class="site">．东å—在线</span><span>[引用日期2013-03-21]</span></li><li class="reference-item reference-item--type1 " id="reference-[3]-6639018-wrap">
<span class="index">3.</span>
<a class="gotop anchor" name="refIndex_3_6639018" id="refIndex_3_6639018" title="å‘上跳转" href="#ref_[3]_6639018"> </a>
<a rel="nofollow" href="/redirect/0a4evRyry6ap522FuE_TdE2wTiOycfJRuppdVq_SJTrybYcGeoPCLq29UoaHNSnO7IAQzgj1sTJL9GIaH0Pk-GWt9p1_aovjViC3wpRfBwPKs4z80g" target="_blank" class="text">国家å«æ˜Ÿæµ·æ´‹åº”用ä¸å¿ƒå…«æ—‹ç¿¼æ— 人机航摄é¥æ„Ÿç³»ç»Ÿé‡‡è´é¡¹ç›®ç«žä»·å…¬å‘Š<span class="linkout"> </span></a>
<span class="site">．测绘</span><span>[引用日期2015-01-07]</span></li><li class="reference-item reference-item--type1 " id="reference-[4]-6639018-wrap">
<span class="index">4.</span>
<a class="gotop anchor" name="refIndex_4_6639018" id="refIndex_4_6639018" title="å‘上跳转" href="#ref_[4]_6639018"> </a>
<a rel="nofollow" href="/redirect/2e6bU5jK9PhxMl-wWkAk5VHYMoQFbSsvwreFaAUFj2BrVQjnkK0gmMxIKXmZLVqE589bPA8CS4OSgPrPK2DLP6Tkfttt" target="_blank" class="text">NASAå«æ˜Ÿå‘现太阳系è¿è¡Œé€Ÿåº¦æ¯”预期值è¦æ…¢<span class="linkout"> </span></a>
</li></ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<div class="lemma-paper-box"></div>
<div id="open-tag">
<div class="open-tag-title">è¯æ¡æ ‡ç¾ï¼š</div>
<dd id="open-tag-item">
<span class="taglist">
<a target="_blank" href="/wikitag/taglist?tagId=76605">科å¦ç™¾ç§‘天文å¦åˆ†ç±»</a>
</span>
，<span class="taglist">
è¯è¨€
</span>
，<span class="taglist">
科技产å“
</span>
，<span class="taglist">
æ–‡å¦
</span>
，<span class="taglist">
天体
</span>
</dd>
<div class="open-tag-collapse" id="open-tag-collapse"></div>
</div>
<div class="clear"></div>
</div>
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<div class="summary-pic">
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<img src="https://gss1.bdstatic.com/9vo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/w%3D268%3Bg%3D0/sign=da74915e4d36acaf59e091fa44e2ea2d/b219ebc4b74543a993bd28ab18178a82b9011436.jpg" />
<button class="picAlbumBtn"><em></em><span>图集</span></button>
<div>å«æ˜Ÿå›¾å†Œ</div>
</a>
</div>
<div class="professional-con">
<div class="professional-header">
<div style="background-image: url('https://gss0.bdstatic.com/94o3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/w%3D50/sign=a88888073f7adab43dd01b438ad4bcdd/b3119313b07eca8035a902c8982397dda1448374.jpg')">
<h2 title="科普ä¸å›½">科普ä¸å›½</h2>
<p title="致力于æƒå¨çš„科å¦ä¼ æ’">致力于æƒå¨çš„科å¦ä¼ æ’</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="professional-content">
<div class="professional-title professional-clearfix">
<h3>本è¯æ¡è®¤è¯ä¸“家为</h3>
</div>
<div class="professional-list" id="professional_list">
<div class="professional-list-slider J-slider">
<ul>
<li class="professional-clearfix">
<a
href="/science/auditorcenter?uk=fa03bc06&fromModule=professional"
target="_blank">
<div class="pro-line"></div>
<div class="pro-content">
<div class="pro-content-title professional-clearfix">
<h4>æ¨è£ä½³</h4>
<span>教授</span><i>å®¡æ ¸</i></div>
<p title="河北大å¦">河北大å¦</p>
</div>
</a>
</li>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tashuo-right" id="tashuo_right">
<div class="tashuo-right-content-essence">
<div class="J-items">
</div>
</div>
</div>
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<div class="promotion_title">V百科<a href="/vbaike#gallary" target="_blank">往期回顾</a></div>
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<dl>
</dl>
<div class="promotion_viewport_pager"></div>
</div>
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</div>
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</div><div id="side-auth">
<div id="authEdit" class="side-box">
<dl>
<dt class="sidetitle">æƒå¨åˆä½œç¼–辑</dt>
<dd class="side-auth-content">
<div class="side-auth-img">
<a href="http://www.cast.org.cn/" target="_blank" class="nslog:7075" id="authOrgRightEditPic">
<img style="display: none" onload="this.style.width = '50px';this.style.display='';" src="https://baike.baidu.com/cms/rc/QQ%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%8720141121003618.jpg" alt="æƒå¨ç¼–辑" title="æƒå¨ç¼–辑"/>
</a>
</div>
<div class="side-auth-info">
<p class="auth-info-name">
<a href="http://www.cast.org.cn/" nslog-type="7075" target="_blank" id="authOrgRightEdit">“科普ä¸å›½â€ç§‘å¦ç™¾ç§‘è¯æ¡ç¼–写与应用工作项目</a>
</p>
<span id="authDetail">
“科普ä¸å›½â€æ˜¯ä¸ºæˆ‘国科普信æ¯åŒ–å»ºè®¾å¡‘é€ çš„å…¨...
</span>
</div>
<div class="clear"></div>
</dd>
<dd class="authVersion">
<span style="">
<a class="whatIs" align="absmiddle" href="javascript:void(0);"></a><a href=" http://baike.bdimg.com/cms/static/cooperation/content.pdf" target="_blank" nslog-type="36" class="link-toggle" id="whatIsAuthEdit">什么是æƒå¨ç¼–辑</a>
</span>
<span class="divisionLine"></span>
<a href="/history/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F/21511/123858628" class="nslog:37" target="_blank" id="authEditVersion">查看编辑版本</a>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
<dl class="side-box lemma-statistics">
<dt class="title">è¯æ¡ç»Ÿè®¡</dt>
<dd class="description split-line">
<ul>
<li>æµè§ˆæ¬¡æ•°ï¼š<span id="j-lemmaStatistics-pv"></span>次</li>
<li>编辑次数：167次<a href="/historylist/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F/21511" class="nslog:1021" target="_blank">历å²ç‰ˆæœ¬</a></li>
<li>
<span class="latest-title">最近更新：</span>
<span class="latest-content">
<a class="show-userCard" data-uid="3414661927" title="查看æ¤ç”¨æˆ·èµ„æ–™" target="_blank" href="http://www.baidu.com/p/%E6%9C%AC%E6%98%AF%E4%B8%A4%E5%B0%8F%E6%97%A0%E7%8C%9C"
nslog-type="1022">本是两å°æ— 猜</a><span class="j-modified-time" style="display:none">（2018-10-10）</span>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt class="title">çªå‡ºè´¡çŒ®æ¦œ</dt>
<dd class="description excellent-description">
<ul>
<li>
<a title="查看æ¤ç”¨æˆ·èµ„æ–™" class="usercard show-userCard" data-uid="6783036" username="linxsong" target="_blank" href="http://www.baidu.com/p/linxsong?from=wk">linxsong</a>
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<a target="_blank" href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/12878522.htm"><img align="absmiddle" alt="优质版本" title="优质版本" src="https://bkssl.bdimg.com/static/wiki-lemma/widget/lemma_content/mainContent/lemmaStatistics/img/perfect_6155b29.png"></a>
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</li>
</ul>
</dd>
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<em class="circle start"></em>
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</div>
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<dl class="catalog-list">
<dt class="catalog-title level1">
<em class="pointer"></em>
<a href="#1" class="title-link">
<span class="text">
<span class="title-index">1</span>
<span class="title-link" nslog-type="10002802">å«æ˜Ÿç®€è¿°</span>
</span>
</a>
</dt>
<dt class="catalog-title level1">
<em class="pointer"></em>
<a href="#2" class="title-link">
<span class="text">
<span class="title-index">2</span>
<span class="title-link" nslog-type="10002802">å«æ˜Ÿç³»å½¢æˆ</span>
</span>
</a>
</dt>
<dt class="catalog-title level1">
<em class="pointer"></em>
<a href="#3" class="title-link">
<span class="text">
<span class="title-index">3</span>
<span class="title-link" nslog-type="10002802">å«æ˜Ÿçš„特点</span>
</span>
</a>
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<em class="pointer"></em>
<a href="#4" class="title-link">
<span class="text">
<span class="title-index">4</span>
<span class="title-link" nslog-type="10002802">å«æ˜Ÿçš„作用</span>
</span>
</a>
</dt>
<dt class="catalog-title level1">
<em class="pointer"></em>
<a href="#5" class="title-link">
<span class="text">
<span class="title-index">5</span>
<span class="title-link" nslog-type="10002802">å«æ˜Ÿçš„分类</span>
</span>
</a>
</dt>
<dt class="catalog-title level1">
<em class="pointer"></em>
<a href="#6" class="title-link">
<span class="text">
<span class="title-index">6</span>
<span class="title-link" nslog-type="10002802">太阳系å«æ˜Ÿ</span>
</span>
</a>
</dt>
<dt class="catalog-title level1">
<em class="pointer"></em>
<a href="#7" class="title-link">
<span class="text">
<span class="title-index">7</span>
<span class="title-link" nslog-type="10002802">äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿ</span>
</span>
</a>
</dt>
<dt class="catalog-title level1">
<em class="pointer"></em>
<a href="#8" class="title-link">
<span class="text">
<span class="title-index">8</span>
<span class="title-link" nslog-type="10002802">å„国å‘展</span>
</span>
</a>
</dt>
<dt class="catalog-title level1">
<em class="pointer"></em>
<a href="#9" class="title-link">
<span class="text">
<span class="title-index">9</span>
<span class="title-link" nslog-type="10002802">ä¸å›½äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿ</span>
</span>
</a>
</dt>
<dt class="catalog-title level1">
<em class="pointer"></em>
<a href="#10" class="title-link">
<span class="text">
<span class="title-index">10</span>
<span class="title-link" nslog-type="10002802">åºŸæ—§äººé€ å«æ˜Ÿ</span>
</span>
</a>
</dt>
<dt class="catalog-title level1">
<em class="pointer"></em>
<a href="#11" class="title-link">
<span class="text">
<span class="title-index">11</span>
<span class="title-link" nslog-type="10002802">太空垃圾å±å®³</span>
</span>
</a>
</dt>
<dt class="catalog-title level1">
<em class="pointer"></em>
<a href="#12" class="title-link">
<span class="text">
<span class="title-index">12</span>
<span class="title-link" nslog-type="10002802">相关新闻</span>
</span>
</a>
</dt>
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<h6>çŒœä½ å…³æ³¨</h6>
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<div><a target="_blank" href="/usercenter/tasks#guide">æˆé•¿ä»»åŠ¡</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="/help#main01">编辑入门</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="/help#main06">编辑规则</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="/item/%E7%99%BE%E5%BA%A6%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%EF%BC%9A%E6%9C%AC%E4%BA%BA%E8%AF%8D%E6%9D%A1%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1/22442459?bk_fr=pcFooter">本人编辑</a><img src="https://bkssl.bdimg.com/static/wiki-common/widget/component/footer/img/new-icon_a64774d.png" class="new-icon" alt="new"></div>
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\u9020\u4ef7\u767e\u4e07\u5bfc\u5f39\u8f7b\u677e\u641e\u5b9a\u7f8e\u519b\u4e0a\u4ebf\u519b\u673a","mediaId":"mda-O92gs0kPaBN7yOxV","secondId":474865},{"videoSrc":{"type":"baikePlayer","secondKind":"1","secondId":478539,"mid":"mda-O92G1OML8EqV0Umy","cover":"https:\/\/gss2.bdstatic.com\/9fo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/whfpf%3D685%2C390%2C0\/sign=e3af186c8e025aafd3672d8b9dd09d5c\/b2de9c82d158ccbf5e3deb9615d8bc3eb035419c.jpg","cover_small":"https:\/\/gss2.bdstatic.com\/9fo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/whfpf%3D280%2C150%2C0\/sign=07468d5177899e5178db6954249aeb0b\/b2de9c82d158ccbf5e3deb9615d8bc3eb035419c.jpg"},"coverSrc":"b2de9c82d158ccbf5e3deb9615d8bc3eb035419c","title":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fdb\u5165\u536b\u661f\u79fb\u52a8\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\u4ee3 \u5168\u9762\u4f9d\u8d56\u56fd\u5916\u536b\u661f\u5386\u53f2\u4e00\u53bb\u4e0d\u8fd4","mediaId":"mda-O92G1OML8EqV0Umy","secondId":478539},{"videoSrc":{"type":"baikePlayer","secondKind":"1","secondId":480407,"mid":"mda-O94vs9gVColin1F7","cover":"https:\/\/gss1.bdstatic.com\/-vo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/whfpf%3D685%2C390%2C0\/sign=bfc80690d5f9d72a1731435db2171e0c\/f703738da9773912169fe7cef4198618377ae2e0.jpg","cover_small":"https:\/\/gss1.bdstatic.com\/-vo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/whfpf%3D280%2C150%2C0\/sign=724e2c540646f21fc9610d1390195958\/f703738da9773912169fe7cef4198618377ae2e0.jpg"},"coverSrc":"f703738da9773912169fe7cef4198618377ae2e0","title":"\u4e00\u5206\u949f\u4e86\u89e3\u536b\u661f","mediaId":"mda-O94vs9gVColin1F7","secondId":480407},{"videoSrc":{"type":"baikePlayer","secondKind":"1","secondId":483507,"mid":"mda-O96azxXa3YeFjM7m","cover":"https:\/\/gss3.bdstatic.com\/-Po3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/whfpf%3D685%2C390%2C0\/sign=bdd67d14032442a7ae5baee5b77e9b73\/8cb1cb1349540923fed324e99e58d109b2de49ea.jpg","cover_small":"https:\/\/gss3.bdstatic.com\/-Po3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/whfpf%3D280%2C150%2C0\/sign=1a5cc45a5e66d0167e4ccd68f116e63f\/8cb1cb1349540923fed324e99e58d109b2de49ea.jpg"},"coverSrc":"8cb1cb1349540923fed324e99e58d109b2de49ea","title":"\u7f8e\u56fd\u4fa6\u5bdf\u536b\u661f\u6210\u5929\u5bf9\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u62cd\u7167 \u6211\u4eec\u660e\u660e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5374\u4e3a\u5565\u4e0d\u628a\u536b\u661f\u6253\u6389","mediaId":"mda-O96azxXa3YeFjM7m","secondId":483507},{"videoSrc":{"type":"baikePlayer","secondKind":"1","secondId":483649,"mid":"mda-O96BekNvb4QWwVgf","cover":"https:\/\/gss0.bdstatic.com\/94o3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/whfpf%3D685%2C390%2C0\/sign=4fe64bb0733e6709be5516bf5dfaa905\/caef76094b36acafc6bd216b70d98d1000e99ccc.jpg","cover_small":"https:\/\/gss0.bdstatic.com\/94o3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/whfpf%3D280%2C150%2C0\/sign=db9a002caa1ea8d38a772744f1370276\/caef76094b36acafc6bd216b70d98d1000e99ccc.jpg"},"coverSrc":"caef76094b36acafc6bd216b70d98d1000e99ccc","title":"\u6211\u56fd\u53d1\u5c04\u9e4a\u6865\u53f7\u4e2d\u7ee7\u536b\u661f \u90fd\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u4eba\u7c7b\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u7a81\u7834","mediaId":"mda-O96BekNvb4QWwVgf","secondId":483649},{"videoSrc":{"type":"baikePlayer","secondKind":"1","secondId":490724,"mid":"mda-O9rOjfxzUdcVRlrs","cover":"https:\/\/gss0.bdstatic.com\/94o3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/whfpf%3D685%2C390%2C0\/sign=9292034edbca7bcb7d2e946fd8345d5b\/aec379310a55b3190b58b8f84fa98226cefc179d.jpg","cover_small":"https:\/\/gss0.bdstatic.com\/94o3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/whfpf%3D280%2C150%2C0\/sign=ddf15a46befb43161a4a293a4699741b\/aec379310a55b3190b58b8f84fa98226cefc179d.jpg"},"coverSrc":"aec379310a55b3190b58b8f84fa98226cefc179d","title":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u6709\u65e0\u6570\u65b9\u6cd5\u51fb\u6c89\u822a\u6bcd\uff1a\u4f46\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u80fd\u5426\u53d1\u73b0\u822a\u6bcd","mediaId":"mda-O9rOjfxzUdcVRlrs","secondId":490724},{"videoSrc":{"type":"baikePlayer","secondKind":"1","secondId":492172,"mid":"mda-O9rsXfxzUdcVRlrs","cover":"https:\/\/gss2.bdstatic.com\/-fo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/whfpf%3D685%2C390%2C0\/sign=9989a6ff7ccf3bc7e8559eacb73d8c99\/adaf2edda3cc7cd973906e2b3501213fb90e9187.jpg","cover_small":"https:\/\/gss2.bdstatic.com\/-fo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/whfpf%3D280%2C150%2C0\/sign=565392dd4d34970a4726436ff3f7e3f0\/adaf2edda3cc7cd973906e2b3501213fb90e9187.jpg"},"coverSrc":"adaf2edda3cc7cd973906e2b3501213fb90e9187","title":"\u536b\u661f\u90fd\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u4e0a\u5929\u7684","mediaId":"mda-O9rsXfxzUdcVRlrs","secondId":492172},{"videoSrc":{"type":"baikePlayer","secondKind":"1","secondId":535081,"mid":"mda-OgVZTOML8EqV0Umy","cover":"https:\/\/gss0.bdstatic.com\/-4o3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/whfpf%3D685%2C390%2C0\/sign=c01ec55f399b033b2cddaf9a73f300eb\/f9198618367adab45ed9c31886d4b31c8701e464.jpg","cover_small":"https:\/\/gss0.bdstatic.com\/-4o3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/whfpf%3D280%2C150%2C0\/sign=e210860b013387449c907c3c3732ebc1\/f9198618367adab45ed9c31886d4b31c8701e464.jpg"},"coverSrc":"f9198618367adab45ed9c31886d4b31c8701e464","title":"\u4e00\u5206\u949f\u4e86\u89e3\u536b\u661f\u7cfb\u7edf","mediaId":"mda-OgVZTOML8EqV0Umy","secondId":535081}],"pageBg":null,"type":"normal","orgId":75,"lemmaId":21511,"lemmaTitle":"\u536b\u661f"});
}();
!function(){ require('wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/polysemantList/polysemantList')('å«æ˜Ÿ');
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');
// 展现ç–ç•¥
rightCheck.editView('21511', function(res) {
if (!res.errno) {
if (res.data.divide) {
$('.top-tool .split-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
}
});
}();
!function(){ var nslog = require('wiki-common:widget/component/nslog/nslog');
require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/basicElement/collect/collect"],function(collect){
collect({
newLemmaId:"21511",
lemmaId:"22556",
subLemmaId:"6639018"
});
});
}();
!function(){ require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/basicElement/topShare/topShare"],function(topShare){
topShare({
newLemmaId: '21511'
});
});
}();
!function(){ require('wiki-lemma:widget/basicElement/pinyin/lemmaPinyin')({
lemmaTitle: 'å«æ˜Ÿ',
pinyin: "wei4 xing1"
});
var nslog = require('wiki-common:widget/component/nslog/nslog');
nslog(10000105);
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');
var nsLog = require('wiki-common:widget/component/nslog/nslog');
var Dialog = require("wiki-common:widget/ui/dialog/dialog");
// 展现ç–ç•¥
rightCheck.editView('21511', function(res) {
if (!res.errno) {
if (res.data.edit) {
$('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .edit-lemma').css('display', 'inline-block');
// 编辑和申请本人实å验è¯ä¿è¯åŒä¸€è¡Œå±•ç¤º
if ($('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .personal').length > 0) {
if ($('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .edit-lemma').offset().left > $('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .personal').offset().left) {
$('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .edit-lemma').before('<br/><br/>');
}
}
} else {
nsLog('10003104');
$('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .lock-lemma').show();
// é”定和申请本人实å验è¯ä¿è¯åŒä¸€è¡Œå±•ç¤º
if ($('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .personal').length > 0) {
if ($('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .lock-lemma').offset().left > $('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .personal').offset().left) {
$('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .lock-lemma').before('<br/><br/>');
}
}
}
} else {
if ('1') {
$('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .edit-lemma').css('display', 'inline-block');
// 编辑和申请本人实å验è¯ä¿è¯åŒä¸€è¡Œå±•ç¤º
if ($('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .personal').length > 0) {
if ($('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .edit-lemma').offset().left > $('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .personal').offset().left) {
$('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .edit-lemma').before('<br/><br/>');
}
}
} else {
nsLog('10003104');
$('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .lock-lemma').show();
// é”定和申请本人实å验è¯ä¿è¯åŒä¸€è¡Œå±•ç¤º
if ($('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .personal').length > 0) {
if ($('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .lock-lemma').offset().left > $('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .personal').offset().left) {
$('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .lock-lemma').before('<br/><br/>');
}
}
}
}
});
var canDiscussion = $('.j-discussion-link').length > 0 ? true : false;
if (canDiscussion) {
// é”定跳转
$('body').on('click', '.lock-lemma', function () {
var me = $(this);
var content = '<div style="text-align: left;width: 528px">'
+ '<h2 style="font-size: 20px;color: #333;line-height: 26px;margin-bottom: 20px;">'
+ 'è¯æ¡é”å®šï¼Œæš‚æ—¶æ— æ³•ç¼–è¾‘</h2>'
+ '<p style="font-size: 16px;color: #333;line-height: 26px;">'
+ '亲爱的用户，è¯æ¡å˜åœ¨äº‰è®®æˆ–è¯æ¡å†…容较完善都å¯èƒ½è¢«é”定（'
+ '<a href="/view/10812319.htm" target="_blank">查看详情</a>）。</p>'
+ '<p style="font-size: 16px;color: #333;line-height: 26px;">'
+ 'å¦‚æžœä½ è®¤ä¸ºé”定è¯æ¡å†…容å˜åœ¨é—®é¢˜éœ€è¦ä¿®æ”¹ï¼Œå¯è¿›è¡Œä»¥ä¸‹æ“作：</p></div>';
new Dialog({
title: '编辑æ示',
content: content,
btns: [
{
text: '<span style="font-size: 14px">å‚与è¯æ¡è®¨è®ºï¼Œå馈è¯æ¡é—®é¢˜</span>',
key: 'discussion'
}
],
onBtnClick: function(btnKey){
if (btnKey === 'discussion') {
window.location.href = '/planet/talk?lemmaId=21511&category=1';
}
}
}).show();
});
// 获å–讨论数
$.get('/discussion/api/getdiscussioncount?lemmaId=21511', function (res) {
if (res && res.errno === 0 && res.data.discussionCount > 0) {
var numText = res.data.discussionCount <= 99 ? res.data.discussionCount : '99+';
$('.j-discussion-link .num').text(numText).show();
}
});
$('.lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle .j-discussion-link').on('click', function () {
$(this).find('.num').remove();
});
// 讨论按钮展现é‡
nsLog(90000101, window.location.href, {
lemmaid: 21511
});
}
}();
!function(){ require('wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/basicInfo/basicInfo')();
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
var nslog = require('wiki-common:widget/component/nslog/nslog');
nslog(10002701);
$('.lemmaWgt-lemmaCatalog a').on('click', function () {
nslog(10002702);
});
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');
// 展现ç–ç•¥
rightCheck.editView('21511', function(res) {
if (!res.errno) {
if (res.data.edit) {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
} else {
if ('1') {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
}
});
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');
// 展现ç–ç•¥
rightCheck.editView('21511', function(res) {
if (!res.errno) {
if (res.data.edit) {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
} else {
if ('1') {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
}
});
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');
// 展现ç–ç•¥
rightCheck.editView('21511', function(res) {
if (!res.errno) {
if (res.data.edit) {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
} else {
if ('1') {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
}
});
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');
// 展现ç–ç•¥
rightCheck.editView('21511', function(res) {
if (!res.errno) {
if (res.data.edit) {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
} else {
if ('1') {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
}
});
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');
// 展现ç–ç•¥
rightCheck.editView('21511', function(res) {
if (!res.errno) {
if (res.data.edit) {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
} else {
if ('1') {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
}
});
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');
// 展现ç–ç•¥
rightCheck.editView('21511', function(res) {
if (!res.errno) {
if (res.data.edit) {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
} else {
if ('1') {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
}
});
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');
// 展现ç–ç•¥
rightCheck.editView('21511', function(res) {
if (!res.errno) {
if (res.data.edit) {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
} else {
if ('1') {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
}
});
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');
// 展现ç–ç•¥
rightCheck.editView('21511', function(res) {
if (!res.errno) {
if (res.data.edit) {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
} else {
if ('1') {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
}
});
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');
// 展现ç–ç•¥
rightCheck.editView('21511', function(res) {
if (!res.errno) {
if (res.data.edit) {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
} else {
if ('1') {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
}
});
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');
// 展现ç–ç•¥
rightCheck.editView('21511', function(res) {
if (!res.errno) {
if (res.data.edit) {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
} else {
if ('1') {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
}
});
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');
// 展现ç–ç•¥
rightCheck.editView('21511', function(res) {
if (!res.errno) {
if (res.data.edit) {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
} else {
if ('1') {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
}
});
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');
// 展现ç–ç•¥
rightCheck.editView('21511', function(res) {
if (!res.errno) {
if (res.data.edit) {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
} else {
if ('1') {
$('.para-title .edit-icon').css('display', 'block');
}
}
});
}();
!function(){ require.async(["wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery","wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/albumList/albumList","wiki-common:widget/component/nslog/nslog"],function($,AlbumList,nslog){
var list=new AlbumList({
newLemmaId:"21511",
lemmaTitle:"å«æ˜Ÿ",
lemmaId:"22556",
subLemmaId:"6639018",
data:[{"coverpic":"b219ebc4b74543a993bd28ab18178a82b9011436","width":"1024","height":"640","desc":"\u8bcd\u6761\u56fe\u7247","total":11,"coverurl":"https:\/\/gss1.bdstatic.com\/9vo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/s%3D235\/sign=b5599a49d41b0ef468e89f5de8c551a1\/b219ebc4b74543a993bd28ab18178a82b9011436.jpg"}]
});
!!window.ScriptLazyLoad && window.ScriptLazyLoad.regist({
dom:$('.album-list'),
loadFunc:function(){
list.load();
nslog(1258);
},
distance:500
});
});
}();
!function(){ require.async(["wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery","wiki-lemma:widget/basicElement/modulePager/modulePager"],function($,Pager){
var slideTo = function (index) {
var scroller = $('.tashuo-view');
scroller.stop().animate({scrollLeft: (index - 1) * 738}, 500);
};
var pager = new Pager({
total:2,
handleNext:function(index){
slideTo(index);
},
handlePrev:function(index){
slideTo(index);
}
});
pager.appendTo($(".tashuo-bottom-pager"));
});
}();
!function(){ require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/tashuo/tashuo"],function(init){
init();
});
}();
!function(){ require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/lemmaRelation/lemmaInsert'], function(init) {
init({ // 关系化统计需求--ä¼ å‚ shangwenbin
lemmaId: "22556",
newLemmaId: "21511",
subLemmaId: "6639018",
lemmaTitle: "å«æ˜Ÿ"
});
});
}();
!function(){ require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/lemmaReference/lemmaReference","wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/lemmaReference/lemmaReferenceTip/lemmaReferenceTip"],function(Reference,ReferenceTip){
new Reference({
subLemmaId:"6639018"
});
new ReferenceTip({
subLemmaId:"21511",
lemmaTitle:"å«æ˜Ÿ",
reference:[{"type":"2","author":"\u9ec4\u5b9a\u534e\u4e3b\u7f16","title":"\u666e\u901a\u5730\u8d28\u5b66","publisher":"\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u51fa\u7248\u793e","place":"","publishYear":"2014\u5e7410\u6708","refPage":"16","index":1},{"index":2,"type":"1","title":"\u4e2d\u661f\u4e5d\u53f7\u201d\u76f4\u64ad\u536b\u661f\u53d1\u5c04\u6210\u529f ","url":"\/redirect\/c43bWziYLPqcVq5yOeX_bwfu4A4kyUQaq-mCPm95a4UkouiEBN5n3SmpfhGvHkmGi7WukrhEcRoZlY7wOHbZM9mVkmo5yHcdKE7wdcaCpK_ii_MVjw","site":"\u4e1c\u5357\u5728\u7ebf","publishDate":"","refDate":"2013-03-21"},{"type":"1","title":"\u56fd\u5bb6\u536b\u661f\u6d77\u6d0b\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5fc3\u516b\u65cb\u7ffc\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u822a\u6444\u9065\u611f\u7cfb\u7edf\u91c7\u8d2d\u9879\u76ee\u7ade\u4ef7\u516c\u544a","url":"\/redirect\/0a4evRyry6ap522FuE_TdE2wTiOycfJRuppdVq_SJTrybYcGeoPCLq29UoaHNSnO7IAQzgj1sTJL9GIaH0Pk-GWt9p1_aovjViC3wpRfBwPKs4z80g","site":"\u6d4b\u7ed8","publishDate":"","refDate":"2015-01-07","index":3},{"index":4,"type":"1","title":"NASA\u536b\u661f\u53d1\u73b0\u592a\u9633\u7cfb\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u9884\u671f\u503c\u8981\u6162","url":"\/redirect\/2e6bU5jK9PhxMl-wWkAk5VHYMoQFbSsvwreFaAUFj2BrVQjnkK0gmMxIKXmZLVqE589bPA8CS4OSgPrPK2DLP6Tkfttt","site":"","publishDate":"","refDate":""}]
});
});
}();
!function(){require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/lemmaSciencePaper/lemmaSciencePaper'],function(init) {
init({
lemmaId: "21511"
});
});
}();
!function(){ require.async(["wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery"],function($){
function openTagToggle(node) {
if ($(node).hasClass("collapse")) {
$(node).removeClass("collapse");
$("#open-tag").css("height", '22px');
} else {
$(node).addClass("collapse");
$("#open-tag").css("height", $("#open-tag-item").css("height"));
}
}
if (parseInt($("#open-tag-item").css("height")) <= 30) {
$('#open-tag-collapse').hide();
}
$("#open-tag-collapse").on("click", function () {
openTagToggle($("#open-tag")[0]);
});
});
}();
!function(){ var $ = require("wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery");
var slider = {
init: function() {
this.control = $("#professional_control");
this.prev = this.control.find(".J-prev");
this.next = this.control.find(".J-next");
this.el = $("#professional_list");
this.view = this.el.find(".J-slider");
this.items = this.view.find("ul");
this.itemWidth = this.items.eq(0).innerWidth();
this.initStatus();
this.bindEvents();
},
initStatus: function() {
this.view.css({
width: this.items.length*this.itemWidth+"px",
position: "absolute"
});
this.setHeight(0);
if ( this.items.length < 2 ) return;
this.changeControllers(0);
},
bindEvents: function() {
var self = this, index = 0;
if ( this.items.length < 2 ) return;
this.next.on("click", function() {
if ( self.items.length-1 === index ) return;
index++;
self.setHeight(index);
self.goAni(index);
self.changeControllers(index);
});
this.prev.on("click", function() {
if ( index == 0 ) return;
index--;
self.setHeight(index);
self.goAni(index);
self.changeControllers(index);
});
},
setHeight: function(index) {
this.el.height( this.items.eq(index).innerHeight() );
},
goAni: function(index) {
this.view.animate({
left: index === 0 ? 0 : "-"+this.itemWidth*index+"px"
});
},
changeControllers: function(index) {
var disabledClass = "pro-control-disable";
this.prev.removeClass(disabledClass);
this.next.removeClass(disabledClass);
if ( index === 0 ) {
this.prev.addClass(disabledClass);
} else if ( index === this.items.length-1 ) {
this.next.addClass(disabledClass);
}
}
};
slider.init();
}();
!function(){ require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/rightTashuo/rightTashuo"],function(init){
init({
lemmaId: 21511,
lemmaTitle: 'å«æ˜Ÿ'
});
});
}();
!function(){ require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/lemmaStatistics/lemmaStatistics"],function(init){
init({
newLemmaIdEnc:"2a5beae4541d9b3310bd55f1"
});
});
}();
!function(){ require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/lemma_content/mainContent/sideCatalog/sideCatalog"],function(SideCatalog){
new SideCatalog();
});
}();
!function(){ require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/fengchao/fengchao","wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/unionAd/unionAd"], function (init, unionAd) {
init({
newLemmaId: "21511",
lemmaTitle: "å«æ˜Ÿ",
encodeLemmaTitle: "%CE%C0%D0%C7",
adManager: {"pcZhixinBlackList":0,"pcNetUnionRight":0,"pcFengchaoGuess":0,"pcNetUnionBottomBanner":0,"wapBaiduYouxuan":0}
}, {
errFn: unionAd,
dom: $('#side_box_unionAd')
});
});
}();
!function(){ require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/guessLike/guessLike'], function (app) {
app.init({
lemmaTitle: 'å«æ˜Ÿ',
adManager: {"pcZhixinBlackList":0,"pcNetUnionRight":0,"pcFengchaoGuess":0,"pcNetUnionBottomBanner":0,"wapBaiduYouxuan":0}
});
});
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
var Dialog = require("wiki-common:widget/ui/dialog/dialog");
var userLogin = require('wiki-common:widget/component/userLogin/userLogin');
var unameFiller = require('wiki-common:widget/component/unameFiller/unameFiller');
var rightCheck = require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/rightCheck/rightCheck');
var nsLog = require('wiki-common:widget/component/nslog/nslog');
var isEnterprise = false;
var enterpriseOwnerUserId = 0;
var userId = 0;
var editUrl = '/edit/' + encodeURIComponent('å«æ˜Ÿ') + '/' + '21511';
var pgcUrl = '/enterprise/editpgc?lemmaId=21511';
var canDiscussion = $('.j-discussion-link').length > 0 ? true : false;
userLogin.regist({
onLogin: function(user) {
userId = user ? user.uid : 0;
}
});
function gotoEdit(url, isMidNight) {
if (isMidNight) {
Dialog.alert({
title: '编辑æ示',
subMsg: '晚23:00至次日8:00ï¼Œå› å®¡æ ¸ç³»ç»Ÿä¾‹è¡Œç»´æŠ¤ï¼Œæ‚¨æ交的版本å¯èƒ½éœ€è¦è¾ƒé•¿æ—¶é—´æ‰èƒ½é€šè¿‡ï¼Œæœ›æ‚¨è°…解。',
onConfirm: function() {
window.location.href = url;
}
});
} else {
window.location.href = url;
}
}
function showChoseEditDialog(pgcCallback, ugcCallback) {
new Dialog({
title: '编辑æ示',
subMsg: '<p>您已开通ä¼ä¸šç™¾ç§‘æœåŠ¡ï¼ŒæŽ¨è您直接编辑“官方资料â€ï¼Œå®˜æ–¹èµ„料仅é™ä¼ä¸šç™¾ç§‘绑定的百科账å·ä¿®æ”¹ï¼Œå…¶ä»–用户账å·ä¸å¯ä¿®æ”¹ã€‚</p><p>如果您想修改其他网å‹ç¼–辑的普通è¯æ¡å†…容，请注æ„éµå®ˆç™¾ç§‘百科编辑规则。<p>',
btns: [{
key: 'pgc',
text: '编辑官方资料'
}, {
style: 'white',
text: '修改普通è¯æ¡',
key: 'ugc'
}],
onBtnClick: function(btnKey){
if (btnKey === 'pgc') {
pgcCallback && pgcCallback();
} else if (btnKey === 'ugc') {
ugcCallback && ugcCallback();
}
}
}).show();
}
function checkUserLegal(res) {
var legal = false;
switch (res.errno) {
case 100001:
nsLog('10003106');
userLogin.showLoginPop();
break;
case 100006:
unameFiller.show();
break;
default:
legal = true;
}
return true;
}
function checkUgc(res, url) {
if (res.errno) {
switch (res.errno) {
case 100005:
alert('对ä¸èµ·ï¼Œæ‚¨ç›®å‰è¢«å°ç¦');
break;
case 110001:
alert('对ä¸èµ·ï¼Œè¯¥è¯æ¡è¢«é”定');
break;
case 110007:
alert('对ä¸èµ·ï¼Œæ¶ˆæ§é¡µæ— 法编辑');
break;
case 110005:
nsLog('10003101');
var content = '<div style="text-align: left;width: 490px">'
+ '<h2 style="font-size: 20px;color: #333;line-height: 26px;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;">'
+ '对ä¸èµ·ï¼Œä½ 暂时没有æƒé™ç¼–辑该è¯æ¡</h2>'
+ '<p style="font-size: 16px;color: #333;line-height: 26px;margin-bottom: 17px;">'
+ '亲爱的用户，该è¯æ¡å†…容已较完善，需百科ç‰çº§è¾¾åˆ°4级且通过率达85%æ‰å¯ç¼–辑哦。</p>'
+ '<p style="font-size: 16px;color: #333">ä½ å½“å‰ç™¾ç§‘ç‰çº§ä¸º'
+ res.data.userInfo.level + '级ã€é€šè¿‡çŽ‡'
+ res.data.userInfo.passRatio + '%，å¯è¿›è¡Œä»¥ä¸‹æ“作：</p></div>';
var btns = [
{
key: 'join',
text: '<span style="font-size: 14px;text-align: center;vertical-align: middle;display: table-cell;">å馈è¯æ¡é—®é¢˜ï¼Œå‚与百科共建</span>'
},
{
text: '<span style="font-size: 14px;text-align: center;vertical-align: middle;display: table-cell;">å‚åŠ æˆé•¿ä»»åŠ¡ï¼Œæå‡ç¼–辑æƒé™</span>',
key: 'task'
}
];
if (canDiscussion) {
btns = [
{
key: 'discussion',
text: '<span style="font-size: 14px">å‚与è¯æ¡è®¨è®ºï¼Œå馈è¯æ¡é—®é¢˜</span>'
},
{
text: '<span style="font-size: 14px">å‚åŠ æˆé•¿ä»»åŠ¡ï¼Œæå‡ç¼–辑æƒé™</span>',
key: 'task'
}
];
}
new Dialog({
title: '编辑æ示',
content: content,
btns: btns,
onBtnClick: function(btnKey){
if (btnKey === 'discussion') {
window.location.href = '/planet/talk?lemmaId=21511&category=1';
} else if (btnKey === 'task') {
window.location.href = '/usercenter#guide';
} else if (btnKey === 'join') {
window.location.href = '/feedback';
}
}
}).show();
break;
case 110008:
nsLog('10003102');
var content = '<div style="text-align: left;width: 490px">'
+ '<h2 style="font-size: 20px;color: #333;line-height: 26px;margin-bottom: 20px;margin-top: 10px;">'
+ '对ä¸èµ·ï¼Œä½ 暂时没有æƒé™ç¼–辑该è¯æ¡</h2>'
+ '<p style="font-size: 16px;color: #333;line-height: 26px;margin-bottom: 17px;">'
+ '亲爱的用户，该è¯æ¡å†…容已较完善，需百科ç‰çº§è¾¾åˆ°6级且通过率达85%æ‰å¯ç¼–辑哦。</p>'
+ '<p style="font-size: 16px;color: #333">ä½ å½“å‰ç™¾ç§‘ç‰çº§ä¸º'
+ res.data.userInfo.level + '级ã€é€šè¿‡çŽ‡'
+ res.data.userInfo.passRatio + '%，å¯è¿›è¡Œä»¥ä¸‹æ“作：</p></div>';
var btns = [
{
key: 'join',
text: '<span style="font-size: 14px;text-align: center;vertical-align: middle;display: table-cell;">å馈è¯æ¡é—®é¢˜ï¼Œå‚与百科共建</span>'
},
{
text: '<span style="font-size: 14px;text-align: center;vertical-align: middle;display: table-cell;">å‚åŠ æˆé•¿ä»»åŠ¡ï¼Œæå‡ç¼–辑æƒé™</span>',
key: 'task'
}
];
if (canDiscussion) {
btns = [
{
key: 'discussion',
text: '<span style="font-size: 14px">å‚与è¯æ¡è®¨è®ºï¼Œå馈è¯æ¡é—®é¢˜</span>'
},
{
text: '<span style="font-size: 14px">å‚åŠ æˆé•¿ä»»åŠ¡ï¼Œæå‡ç¼–辑æƒé™</span>',
key: 'task'
}
];
}
new Dialog({
title: '编辑æ示',
content: content,
btns: btns,
onBtnClick: function(btnKey){
if (btnKey === 'discussion') {
window.location.href = '/planet/talk?lemmaId=21511&category=1';
} else if (btnKey === 'task') {
window.location.href = '/usercenter#guide';
} else if (btnKey === 'join') {
window.location.href = '/feedback';
}
}
}).show();
break;
case 470001:
alert('系统错误，请刷新é‡è¯•');
break;
case 110003:
nsLog('10003103');
Dialog.alert({
title: '编辑æ示',
subMsg: '很抱æ‰ï¼Œè¯¥è¯æ¡æœ‰å…¶ä»–用户编辑的版本æ£åœ¨æäº¤ï¼Œæ‚¨æš‚æ—¶æ— æ³•ç¼–è¾‘ã€‚<br/>百科建议您晚些时候å†ç¼–辑该è¯æ¡ï¼Œæˆ–者å°è¯•ç¼–辑其他的è¯æ¡ã€‚'
});
break;
}
} else {
if (!res.data.right.noAudit) {
Dialog.alert({
title: '编辑æ示',
subMsg: '很抱æ‰ï¼Œè¯¥è¯æ¡æœ‰å…¶ä»–用户编辑的版本æ£åœ¨æäº¤ï¼Œæ‚¨æš‚æ—¶æ— æ³•ç¼–è¾‘ã€‚<br/>百科建议您晚些时候å†ç¼–辑该è¯æ¡ï¼Œæˆ–者å°è¯•ç¼–辑其他的è¯æ¡ã€‚'
});
return;
}
gotoEdit(url, res.data.notice.isMidNight);
}
}
$(document.body).on('click', '.j-edit-link', function() {
nsLog('10003100');
var dl = $(this).attr('data-edit-dl');
if (dl) {
var url = editUrl + '?dl=' + dl;
} else {
var url = editUrl;
}
rightCheck.preeditCheck('21511', 'å«æ˜Ÿ', '天文å¦æœ¯è¯', '133423950', '', function(res) {
if (!checkUserLegal(res)) {
return;
}
if (isEnterprise && enterpriseOwnerUserId === userId) {
showChoseEditDialog(function() {
location.href = pgcUrl;
}, function() {
checkUgc(res, url);
});
} else {
checkUgc(res, url);
}
});
});
}();
!function(){ require.async(["wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery","wiki-common:widget/component/footer/footer_feedback"], function($, feedback){
feedback({el: '#J-bk-feedback-main',
proData: {
"extend_feedback_channel": 33430
}
});
feedback({el: '#J-bk-feedback-query', config: {
appid: 215645,
productLine: 20184,
needContactWay: false,
issuePlaceholder: '亲爱的百度百科用户，请在æ¤å¡«å†™æ‚¨çš„质疑内容åŠåŽŸå› 哦～'
},
proData: {
"kw": $('#J-bk-feedback-query').data('lemma')
}
});
});
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery'),
initSearchbar = require('wiki-common:widget/component/searchbar-n/searchbar');
initSearchbar($('.wgt-searchbar-simple'));
}();
!function(){ require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/tools/searchHeader/toolButtons-n/toolButtons"],function(init){
init({
lemmaId:"22556",
subLemmaId:"6639018",
newLemmaId:"21511"
});
});
}();
!function(){ require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/searchHeader/toolButtons-n/userInfo')();
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery'),
animation = require('wiki-common:widget/util/animation'),
nslog = require('wiki-common:widget/component/nslog/nslog'),
initSearchbar = require('wiki-common:widget/component/searchbar/searchbar');
var isFadeIn = false,
isFadeOut = false;
var fadeInAni, fadeOutAni;
$(window).on('scroll', function(e) {
var scrollTop = $(this).scrollTop();
if (scrollTop > 200 && !isFadeIn && $('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader').css('display') == 'none') {
fadeOutAni && fadeOutAni.stop();
fadeInAni = animation({
duration: 200,
easing: 'linear',
onStart: function() {
isFadeOut = false;
isFadeIn = true;
$('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader').css('display', 'block');
},
onStep: function(progress) {
$('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader').css('opacity', progress)
},
onComplete: function(progress) {
isFadeIn = false;
nslog(10010007);
}
});
} else if (scrollTop <= 200 && !isFadeOut && $('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader').css('display') == 'block') {
fadeInAni && fadeInAni.stop();
fadeOutAni = animation({
duration: 300,
easing: 'linear',
onStart: function() {
$('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader #suggestion').hide();
isFadeIn = false;
isFadeOut = true;
},
onStep: function(progress) {
$('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader').css('opacity', 1 - progress);
},
onComplete: function(progress) {
isFadeOut = false;
$('.lemmaWgt-searchHeader').css('display', 'none');
}
});
}
});
}();
!function(){ require('wiki-lemma:widget/tools/newSideShare/qzopensl');
require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/tools/newSideShare/taskSideShare"],function(taskShare){
taskShare.init({
title: 'å«æ˜Ÿ',
desc: "\u536b\u661f\u662f\u6307\u5728\u56f4\u7ed5\u4e00\u9897\u884c\u661f\u8f68\u9053\u5e76\u6309\u95ed\u5408\u8f68\u9053\u505a\u5468\u671f\u6027\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5929\u7136\u5929\u4f53\uff0c\u4eba\u9020\u536b\u661f\u4e00\u822c\u4ea6\u53ef\u79f0\u4e3a\u536b\u661f\u3002\u4eba\u9020\u536b\u661f\u662f\u7531\u4eba\u7c7b\u5efa\u9020\uff0c\u4ee5\u592a\u7a7a\u98de\u884c\u8f7d\u5177\u5982\u706b\u7bad\u3001\u822a\u5929\u98de\u673a\u7b49\u53d1\u5c04\u5230\u592a\u7a7a\u4e2d\uff0c\u50cf\u5929\u7136\u536b\u661f\u4e00\u6837\u73af\u7ed5\u5730\u7403\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u884c\u661f\u7684\u88c5\u7f6e\u3002\u5f80\u5f80\u6c14\u4f53\u884c\u661f\u7684\u536b\u661f\u90fd\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u4e5d\u5927\u884c\u661f\u5171\u6709\u536b\u661f60\u4e2a\uff0c\u9664\u6c34\u661f\u548c\u91d1\u661f\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u884c\u661f\u90fd\u6709\u536b\u661f\u73af\u7ed5\u3002\u6309\u536b\u661f\u591a\u5c11\u7684\u6392\u540d\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u571f\u661f18\u4e2a\uff0c\u5929\u738b\u661f17\u4e2a\uff0c\u6728\u661f16\u4e2a\uff0c\u6d77\u738b\u661f8\u4e2a\uff0c\u706b\u661f2\u4e2a\uff0c\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u548c\u5730\u7403\u54041\u4e2a\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u536b\u661f\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u76f8\u5dee\u60ac\u6b8a\uff0c\u534a\u5f84\u5927\u4e8e1000km\u7684\u536b\u661f\u67097\u4e2a\uff0c\u6708\u7403\u5373\u4e3a\u5176\u4e00\u3002",
pic: 'https:\/\/gss1.bdstatic.com\/9vo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/w%3D268\/sign=4041669c3fdbb6fd255be2203125aba6\/b219ebc4b74543a993bd28ab18178a82b9011436.jpg',
url: '',
qqPic: 'https:\/\/gss1.bdstatic.com\/9vo3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy\/baike\/whfpf%3D640%2C640%2C50\/sign=7af811736d600c33f02c8d887c71673b\/b219ebc4b74543a993bd28ab18178a82b9011436.jpg',
newLemmaId: '21511',
lemmaTitle: 'å«æ˜Ÿ'
});
});
}();
!function(){ var $ = require('wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery');
var nslog = require("wiki-common:widget/component/nslog/nslog");
var testElem = require('wiki-common:widget/component/testElem/testElem');
var cmsModuleLoader = require('wiki-common:widget/component/cmsModuleLoader/cmsModuleLoader');
function requireAsync() {
require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/tools/announcement/announcement']);
}
cmsModuleLoader('/api/wikiui/getlemmaconfig', [{
name: 'announcement',
script: 'wiki-lemma:widget/tools/announcement/announcement.js'
}]);
require.async(["wiki-lemma:widget/tools/lazyLoad/lazyLoad"], function(LazyLoad) {
new LazyLoad();
});
require.async(['wiki-common:widget/component/nslog/nslog','wiki-common:widget/lib/jquery/jquery'], function(nslog, $) {
nslog().setGlobal({
lemmaId: "22556",
newLemmaId: "21511",
subLemmaId: "6639018",
lemmaTitle: "å«æ˜Ÿ"
});
// è¯æ¡é¡µ pv
nslog(9322);
// 新版头部pv（å°æµé‡ï¼‰
if ($('.pc-header-new').length > 0) {
nslog(9069);
}
// 链接点击 pv
var lemmaPageRegExp = new RegExp(/\/subview\/\d+|\/view\/\d+|\/item\//i);
$('body').on('mousedown', 'a', function() {
var href = $(this).attr('href');
if (href && href.indexOf('/') >= 0 && href.indexOf('#') !== 0) {
// 链接点击 pv
nslog(10000001);
if (lemmaPageRegExp.test(href)) {
// è¯æ¡é¡µé“¾æŽ¥ç‚¹å‡» pv
nslog(10000002, window.location.href, {
targetTitle: $(this).text()
});
}
}
});
/****** è¯æ¡é¡µç«™å†…æµè½¬éœ€æ±‚统计 start ******/
(function () {
// å„ç§ç»Ÿè®¡é…ç½®
var circulationLinkCfg = {
innerLink: [ // 内链
'.para',
'.lemmaWgt-baseInfo-simple-largeMovie',
'.lemmaWgt-baseInfo-simple-largeStar',
'.basic-info .basicInfo-block',
'.lemma-summary',
'.lemmaWgt-lemmaSummary',
'.view-tip-panel',
'.horizontal-module',
'.lemmaWgt-roleIntroduction',
'.dramaSeries .dramaSerialList',
'.module-music',
'.table-view',
'[log-set-param="table_view"]',
'.list-module',
'.cell-module',
'.baseBox .dl-baseinfo', // é…ç½®åŽå°å—段
'.pvBtn-box .leadPVBtnWrapper',
'.drama-actor',
'#staffList',
'.starMovieAndTvplay',
'.main_tab:not(.main_tab-defaultTab)' // 除去è¯æ¡tab外的tab
],
relationTable: '.rs-container-foot', // 关系表
peopleRelation: '.star-info-block.relations, .lemmaWgt-focusAndRelation', // 人物关系（明星+普通）
moduleActors: '.featureBaseInfo .actors, .lemmaWgt-majorActors', // 主è¦æ¼”员ã€å˜‰å®¾ã€ä¸»æŒäºº
moduleWorks: '.featureBaseInfo .works, .large-feature .works', // 代表作å“
moduleQuarterly: '.featureBaseInfo .po_quarterly, .mian_quarterly', // 分å£ä»‹ç»
rankStar: '.rank-list.stars-rank', // 明星榜
rankDrama: '.drama-rank-list', // 电视剧榜
specialTopic: '.special-topic', // 专题模å—
modDetailTable: '#modDetailTable', // 关系表出图
chuizhitu: '.chuizhitu', // 垂直化模å—
polysemantList: '.polysemantList-wrapper' // 义项切æ¢
};
/****** 连接统计 ******/
function clickNslogFn() {
for (var k in circulationLinkCfg) {
if (k === 'innerLink') {
// è¯æ¡å†…链到è¯æ¡é¡µ
var tempArr = circulationLinkCfg[k];
for (var i = 0, l = tempArr.length; i < l; i++) {
tempArr[i] += ' a';
}
var sSelector = tempArr.join(', ');
$('body').on('mousedown', sSelector, {key: k},function(e) {
var key = e.data.key;
var href = $(this).attr('href');
var tar = $(this).attr('target') || '';
if (href && href.indexOf('/') >= 0 && href.indexOf('#') !== 0
&& tar === '_blank' && lemmaPageRegExp.test(href)) {
// è¯æ¡é¡µæ™®é€šå†…链点击 pv
nslog(10000004, null ,{division: key});
}
});
} else {
// 模å—到è¯æ¡é¡µé“¾æŽ¥
$(circulationLinkCfg[k]).on('mousedown', 'a', {key: k}, function (e) {
var key = e.data.key;
var href = $(this).attr('href');
if (href && href.indexOf('#') !== 0 && lemmaPageRegExp.test(href)) {
// è¯æ¡é¡µé…置模å—链接点击 pv
nslog(10000004, null, {division: key});
}
});
}
}
}
// å‘起统计请求
clickNslogFn();
/****** å„模å—展现é‡pv ******/
function checkModuleIsShow() {
var result = [];
for (var k in circulationLinkCfg) {
if (k !== 'innerLink' && k !== 'relationTable') {
!!$(circulationLinkCfg[k]).html() && result.push(k);
}
}
if (result.length > 0) {
nslog(10000005, null, {showModules: result.join(',')});
}
}
checkModuleIsShow();
})();
/****** è¯æ¡é¡µç«™å†…æµè½¬éœ€æ±‚统计 end ******/
});
// 广告接入 wikiad ç»Ÿä¸€åŠ è½½
// log è¯æ¡é¡µå¹¿å‘Šè¢«æ‹¦æˆªæƒ…况（æ¤å¤„ log 请求行为）
nslog(70000101, window.location.href, {
api: 'lemma-ad',
action: 'request'
});
var tags = {"4":{"tagId":76605,"tagName":"\u79d1\u5b66\u767e\u79d1\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u5206\u7c7b"},"2":{"tagId":0,"tagName":"\u8bed\u8a00"},"3":{"tagId":0,"tagName":"\u79d1\u6280\u4ea7\u54c1"},"0":{"tagId":0,"tagName":"\u6587\u5b66"},"1":{"tagId":0,"tagName":"\u5929\u4f53"}};
var tagsArray = [];
for (var key in tags) {
tagsArray.push(tags[key].tagName);
}
$.ajax({
type: 'GET',
url: '/api/wikiad/getsquirrels',
data: {
lemmaId: 21511,
tags: tagsArray.join()
},
cache: false,
dataType: 'JSON',
success: function (res) {
// log è¯æ¡é¡µå¹¿å‘Šè¢«æ‹¦æˆªæƒ…况（æ¤å¤„ log 请求æˆåŠŸï¼‰
nslog(70000101, window.location.href, {
api: 'lemma-ad',
action: 'success'
});
if (!res.errno) {
if (res.data[5]) {
require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/rightPreciseAd/rightPreciseAd'], function(rightPreciseAd) {
rightPreciseAd(res.data[5]);
nslog(10002201, location.href, {
adId: res.data[5][0].adId,
adTitle: res.data[5][0].name,
adPos: 5
});
});
} else if (res.data[1]) {
require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/vbaike/vbaike'], function(vbaike) {
vbaike(res.data[1]);
for(var i in res.data[1]) {
nslog(10002201, location.href, {
adId: res.data[1][i].adId,
adTitle: res.data[1][i].name,
adPos: 1
});
}
});
}
if (res.data[9]) {
require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/rightBigAd/rightBigAd'], function(rightBigAd) {
rightBigAd(res.data[9]);
nslog(10002201, location.href, {
adId: res.data[9][0].adId,
adTitle: res.data[9][0].name,
adPos: 9
});
});
} else if(res.data[2]) {
require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/slide/slide'], function(slide) {
slide(res.data[2]);
for(var i in res.data[2]) {
nslog(10002201, location.href, {
adId: res.data[2][i].adId,
adTitle: res.data[2][i].name,
adPos: 2
});
}
});
}
if (res.data[3]) {
require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/topAd/topAd'], function(topAd) {
topAd(res.data[3]);
nslog(10002201, location.href, {
adId: res.data[3][0].adId,
adTitle: res.data[3][0].name,
adPos: 3
});
});
}
if (res.data[4]) {
require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/rightAd/rightAd'], function(rightAd) {
rightAd(res.data[4]);
nslog(10002201, location.href, {
adId: res.data[4][0].adId,
adTitle: res.data[4][0].name,
adPos: 4
});
});
}
if (res.data[15]) {
require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/banner/banner'], function(banner) {
banner(res.data[15]);
nslog(10002201, location.href, {
adId: res.data[15][0].adId,
adTitle: res.data[15][0].name,
adPos: 15
});
});
}
if (res.data[16]) {
require.async(['wiki-lemma:widget/promotion/declaration/declaration'], function(declaration) {
declaration(res.data[16]);
nslog(10002201, location.href, {
adId: res.data[16][0].adId,
adTitle: res.data[16][0].name,
adPos: 16
});
})
}
} else {
return;
}
setTimeout(function () {
var elemArr = {};
res.data[1] && res.data[1].length > 0 && (elemArr['lemma-vbaike-ad'] = $('.lemmaWgt-promotion-vbaike .promotion_viewport a:eq(0) img').get(0));
res.data[2] && res.data[2].length > 0 && (elemArr['lemma-slide-ad'] = $('.lemmaWgt-promotion-slide .promotion_viewport a:eq(0) img').get(0));
res.data[3] && res.data[3].length > 0 && (elemArr['lemma-navbar-ad'] = {
node: $('.header [nslog-type="10002202"]').get(0),
validations: {
'noBackgroundImage': function() {
return $('.header [nslog-type="10002202"]').css('background-image').indexOf(res.data[3][0].picUrl) < 0
}
}
});
res.data[4] && res.data[4].length > 0 && (elemArr['lemma-side-ad'] = {
node: $('.right-ad img').get(0),
validations: {
'noBackgroundImage': function() {
return $('.right-ad img').attr('src').indexOf(res.data[4][0].picUrl) < 0
}
}
});
res.data[15] && res.data[15].length > 0 && (elemArr['lemma-configModule-banner'] = $('.configModuleBanner').get(0));
res.data[16] && res.data[16].length > 0 && (elemArr['lemma-configModule-declaration'] = $('.lemmaWgt-declaration').get(0));
testElem.log(elemArr, 70000102);
}, 1000);
},
error: function () {
// log è¯æ¡é¡µå¹¿å‘Šè¢«æ‹¦æˆªæƒ…况（æ¤å¤„ log 请求失败）
nslog(70000101, window.location.href, {
api: 'lemma-ad',
action: 'error'
});
}
});
// 设置分享内容
window.BKShare.setCommon({
bdText: "\u3010\u536b\u661f_\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1\u3011\u536b\u661f\u662f\u6307\u5728\u56f4\u7ed5\u4e00\u9897\u884c\u661f\u8f68\u9053\u5e76\u6309\u95ed\u5408\u8f68\u9053\u505a\u5468\u671f\u6027\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5929\u7136\u5929\u4f53\uff0c\u4eba\u9020\u536b\u661f\u4e00\u822c\u4ea6\u53ef\u79f0\u4e3a\u536b\u661f\u3002\u4eba\u9020\u536b\u661f\u662f\u7531\u4eba\u7c7b\u5efa\u9020\uff0c\u4ee5\u592a\u7a7a\u98de\u884c\u8f7d\u5177\u5982\u706b\u7bad\u3001\u822a\u5929\u98de\u673a\u7b49\u53d1\u5c04\u5230\u592a\u7a7a\u4e2d\uff0c\u50cf\u5929\u7136\u536b\u661f\u4e00\u6837\u73af\u7ed5\u5730\u7403\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u884c\u661f\u7684\u88c5\u7f6e\u3002\u5f80\u5f80\u6c14\u4f53\u884c\u661f\u7684\u536b\u661f\u90fd\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u4e5d\u5927\u884c\u661f\u5171\u6709\u536b\u661f60\u4e2a\uff0c\u9664\u6c34\u661f\u548c\u91d1\u661f\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u884c\u661f\u90fd\u6709\u536b\u661f\u73af\u7ed5\u3002\u6309\u536b\u661f\u591a\u5c11\u7684\u6392\u540d\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u571f\u661f18\u4e2a\uff0c\u5929\u738b\u661f17\u4e2a\uff0c\u6728\u661f16\u4e2a\uff0c\u6d77\u738b\u661f8\u4e2a\uff0c\u706b\u661f2\u4e2a\uff0c\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u548c\u5730\u7403\u54041\u4e2a\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u536b\u661f\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u76f8\u5dee\u60ac\u6b8a\uff0c\u534a\u5f84\u5927\u4e8e1000km\u7684\u536b\u661f\u67097\u4e2a\uff0c\u6708\u7403\u5373\u4e3a\u5176\u4e00\u3002.....\uff08\u5206\u4eab\u81ea@\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1\uff09",
bdDesc: '',
bdUrl: 'http:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F\/21511',
bdPic: '',
onBeforeClick: function (){
$('.bdshare_dialog_box').hide();
}
});
// 底部投诉带入当å‰é¡µé¢ url
var map = [1, 2, 6, 5];
$('.wgt-footer-main .suggestion').find('a').each(function(i) {
$(this).attr('href', 'http://help.baidu.com/newadd?word=%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F' + '&&submit_link=' + encodeURIComponent(window.location.href) + '&prod_id=10&category=' + map[i]);
});
// ä¸ºè¶…å‡ºé¢„è®¾å†…å®¹çš„è¡¨æ ¼æ·»åŠ table-responsive控制
$('.main-content').find('table').each(function(index) {
var $that = $(this);
if ($that.width() > 790) {
$that.wrap('<div class="table-responsive"></div>');
}
});
}();
!function(){ require('wiki-common:widget/component/psLink/psLink');
}();
!function(){ require('wiki-common:widget/component/recruitment/recruitment');
}();</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var Hunter = window.Hunter || {};
Hunter.userConfig = Hunter.userConfig || [];
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://gss0.baidu.com/70cFsjip0QIZ8tyhnq/hunter/baike.js?st=17967" defer></script><script type="text/javascript">
// DOM Ready时，统计用户å¯æ“作时间。
alog('speed.set', 'drt', +new Date);
void function(a,b,c,d,e,f){function g(b){a.attachEvent?a.attachEvent("onload",b,!1):a.addEventListener&&a.addEventListener("load",b)}function h(a,c,d){d=d||15;var e=new Date;e.setTime((new Date).getTime()+1e3*d),b.cookie=a+"="+escape(c)+";path=/;expires="+e.toGMTString()}function i(a){var c=b.cookie.match(new RegExp("(^| )"+a+"=([^;]*)(;|$)"));return null!=c?unescape(c[2]):null}function j(){var a=i("PMS_JT");if(a){h("PMS_JT","",-1);try{a=a.match(/{["']s["']:(\d+),["']r["']:["']([\s\S]+)["']}/),a=a&&a[1]&&a[2]?{s:parseInt(a[1]),r:a[2]}:{}}catch(c){a={}}a.r&&b.referrer.replace(/#.*/,"")!=a.r||alog("speed.set","wt",a.s)}}if(a.alogObjectConfig){var k=a.alogObjectConfig.sample,l=a.alogObjectConfig.rand;d="https:"===a.location.protocol?"https://fex.bdstatic.com"+d:"http://fex.bdstatic.com"+d,k&&l&&l>k||(g(function(){alog("speed.set","lt",+new Date),e=b.createElement(c),e.async=!0,e.src=d+"?v="+~(new Date/864e5)+~(new Date/864e5),f=b.getElementsByTagName(c)[0],f.parentNode.insertBefore(e,f)}),j())}}(window,document,"script","/hunter/alog/dp.min.js");
</script>
</html>